高温对棉花花器影响及对策研究  

Effect of high temperature on the flower and countermeasures.

作　　者：郑冬官[1] 方其英[1] 黄德祥[1] 蔡永立[1] 方银来 朱旭辉 肖茂盛 张家宪 

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学,合肥230036 [2]繁昌县农牧渔业局经作站,繁昌241200 [3]望江县九成农科所,望江246220 [4]繁昌县棉花原种场,繁昌241203 [5]淮北市农业局,淮北235000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》1993年第3期262-264,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：安徽省教委资助项目

摘　　要：本文研究了棉花在高温条件下柱头长短变化及其与产量的关系,并寻求克服由高温引起对产量不利影响的措施。研究结果表明,在高温高湿条件下,柱头明显伸长,长柱头花的比例增加。长柱头花结铃率低,铃重小,影响产量。人工辅助授粉可提高结铃率,增加单铃种子数,减低不孕籽率,使单铃重增大,从而提高皮棉产量,增进皮棉品质。A relation was observed beween the variation of cotton stigma length and the yield under high temperature condition. The measures were simultaneously found for overcoming the unfavourable influences on cotton yield caused by high temperature. Results from investigation illustrate that ,stigma obviously elongated and ratio of long stigma flower was enhanced at high temperature. Since the long stigma flower produced low rate and weight of cotton bolls,the final cotton yield reduced apparently. Artificial pollination which promoted the boiling rate,the seed number per boll and decreased the rate of sterile seed and raised the boll weight,brought about an improvement of both the lint yield and quality.

关 键 词：棉花 高温 人工授粉 柱头 

分 类 号：S562.01[农业科学—作物学]