翼腭窝显微解剖及临床意义  

Microanatomy and clinical significance of pterygopalatine fossa

作　　者：罗俊生[1] 席焕久[1] 于春江[2] 贾旺[2] 王凤梅[2] 陈菲[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国医科大学人体解剖学教研室,沈阳121001 [2]北京市神经外科研究所颅底解剖室

出　　处：《中华神经外科杂志》2004年第3期242-245,共4页Chinese Journal of Neurosurgery

基　　金：辽宁省自然科学基金资助项目(20032141)

摘　　要：目的研究翼腭窝的显微解剖,为颅底外科手术治疗翼腭窝区病变提供解剖学依据。方法用10例颅骨干标本对翼腭窝区的结构及孔道交通等进行观察,对10例(20侧)成人头颅湿标本的翼腭窝进行显微解剖。结果翼腭窝呈一狭长的漏斗型间隙,经八个自然管道与鼻腔、口腔、咽、眶、颞下窝、颅中窝相交通。其主要内容物包括上颌动脉翼腭段及其分支、上颌神经和蝶腭神经节等。结论翼腭窝解剖结构复杂,血管神经丰富,毗邻结构重要,熟知此区的显微解剖,对手术治疗翼腭窝区病变具有重要意义。Objective To study microanatomy of pterygopalatine fossa and to provide microanatomic basis for treating the lesions of the pterygopalatine fossa. Methods The walls and communicating paths of the pterygopalatine fossa were observed in 10 dry skulls, meanwhile ,10 cadaveric heads (20 sides) were dissected to observe the microanatomy. Results the pterygopalatine fossa shows a long and narrow cleft. Eight paths communicate with nasal cavity,mouth cavity, pharynx, orbit, infratemporal fossa and middle cranial fossa. The pterygopalatine segment of maxillary artery and accompanying vein, the maxillary nerve and sphenopalatine ganglion are the most important structures. Conclusion The pterygopalatine fossa exhibited complicated microanatomic structures , abundant of blood vessel and nerves It is a great significance for us to be familiar with the microanatomy of pterygopalatine fossa in operation of the pterygopalatine fossa lesions.

关 键 词：翼腭窝 显微解剖 临床意义 蝶腭神经节 外科手术 治疗 

分 类 号：R323.1[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]