旱作条件下不同水稻品种的响应特征  

Responses of Different Cultivars of Rice to Aerobic Cultivation

作　　者：钱晓晴[1] 沈其荣[1] 柏彦超[2] 王娟娟 杨建昌[2] 周明耀[3] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,江苏南京210095 [2]扬州大学农学院,江苏扬州225009 [3]扬州大学水利与建筑学院,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《作物学报》2004年第6期555-562,共8页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目 ( 3 0 0 70 44 6)

摘　　要：水稻旱作正在成为水稻节水栽培的重要途径而在全国逐步得到推广。本文通过田间对比试验 ,研究了不同水稻品种在水、旱作时的生长与产量表现。结果表明 ,不同品种水稻在旱作时的生长、形态、生理、产量等均发生分异。旱作后 ,广陵香粳在生长中后期的根冠比高出相应水作处理的 37.1% ,两优培九、扬稻 4号及对照扬旱 1号也保持较高的根冠比 ,而武育粳 3号根冠比下降 30 .2 % ;扬稻 4号和汕优 6 3水稻保持较高的根系活力 ,汕优 6 3根系活跃吸收面积比例最大 ,而扬旱 1号和扬稻 4号根系活跃吸收面积比例较小 ;产量受不良影响的程度从小到大依次为 :扬旱 1号、汕优 6 3、协优 6 3、扬稻 4号、95 2 0、武育粳 3号、广陵香粳和两优培九 ,旱作时的相对产量分别为 96 .9%、76 .3%、74 .2 %、6 1.6 %、4 9.5 %、4 3.9%、4 3.7%和 4 3.0 %。总体上说 ,籼型品种对旱作具有更强的适应性。Aerobic cultivation of paddy rice is becoming a most important way in water saving cultivation of rice and is being extended gradually in China. Field experiments were carried out to study the responses of different cultivars of rice to different water regime systems. The results showed that significant differences of responses in growth situation, morphology, physiology and grain yield to different water regimes were found in different cultivars. The root/shoot ratio of Guanglin Xiangjing under aerobic cultivation condition were 37.1% higher than that under waterlogged condition during the middle and later growth stage, and the ratios of Liangyoupeijiu, Yangdao 4 and Yanghan 1 (upland cultivar as a CK) were also larger during the same growth stage, while the smallest root/shoot ratio, 30.1% less than that of waterlogged treatment was found in Wuyujing 3. Shanyou 63 had a biggest adsorption area of roots and Yanghan 1 and Yangdao 4 in aerobic cultivation had the smallest. The order of relative yields of grain was as follows: Yanghan 1 > Shanyou 63 > Xieyou 63 > Yangdao 4 > 9520 > Wuyujing 3 > Guanglingxiangjing > Liangyoupeijiu ( 96.9%, 76.3%, 74.2%, 61.6%, 49 5%, 43.9%, 43.7% and 43 0% respectively). Better adaptability to aerobic cultivation was found in indicas than japonicas.

关 键 词：旱作 水稻 品种 响应特征 节水栽培 产量构成因素 根冠比 叶绿素 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]