黄绿绿僵菌对两种稻田蜘蛛捕杀褐飞虱作用的影响  

Effects of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum on the predation of two paddyfield spiders on the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens Stl (Homoptera: Delphacidae)

作　　者：耿博闻[1] 张润杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学生物防治国家重点实验室,广州510275

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2004年第3期349-353,共5页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重大基础研究"973"项目 (G2 0 0 0 0 162 10 )

摘　　要：在室内研究了喷施黄绿绿僵菌Metarhiziumanisopliaevar.acridumDriveretMilner孢子悬液对稻田蜘蛛捕杀褐飞虱作用的影响。结果表明 ,黄绿绿僵菌不感染拟水狼蛛PiratasubpiraticusB senbergetStrand和食虫沟瘤蛛UmmeliatainsecticepsB senbergetStrand ,只对蜘蛛喷施菌液不影响它们的捕杀褐飞虱的能力。而对褐飞虱喷施黄绿绿僵菌液后 ,褐飞虱活力明显下降 ,导致蜘蛛对其捕杀效果显著提高。在喷施黄绿绿僵菌 10 6 、10 7、10 8 mL孢子浓度后 ,拟水狼蛛的平均捕杀量分别为 10 5头 d、11 1头 d和 11 4头 d ,食虫沟瘤蛛的平均捕杀量分别为 3 8头 d、4 3头 d和 4 7头 d ,均显著大于对照组。对蜘蛛和褐飞虱同时喷施黄绿绿僵菌不影响前者的捕杀力。这些结果提示 ,在稻田施用黄绿绿僵菌防治稻飞虱对蜘蛛天敌没有不良影响。Laboratory studies were conducted to determine the pathogenicity of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum Driver et Milner on paddyfield spiders Pirata subpiraticus Bsenberg et Strand and Ummeliata insecticeps Bsenberg et Strand, to evaluate the effects of the fungus on the predating efficiency of the spiders on the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens Stl. The results indicated that Metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum had no pathogenicity on both Pirata subpiraticus and Ummelita insecticeps. However, the activity of brown planthoppers decreased apparently after being infected with conidia of Metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum, that caused increase of the predating efficiency of the paddyfield spiders. At concentrations of 10~6, 10~7, 10~8 conidia/mL of Metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum, the mean predating efficiency of Pirata subpiraticus on brown plathoppers were 10.5 heads/d, 11.1 heads/d and 11.4 heads/d respectively; for Ummeliata insecticeps, the mean predating efficiency on planthoppers were 3.8 heads/d, 4.3 hoppers/d and 4.7 hoppers/d respectively. Statistical analysis indicated that the differences between the treatments and control were significant. The predating efficiency of the spiders on planthopper increased slightly with the increasing of conidia concentrations of Metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum.

关 键 词：拟水狼蛛 食虫沟瘤蛛 黄绿绿僵菌 褐飞虱 捕杀效果 

分 类 号：Q968[生物学—昆虫学]