论凌迟之刑的起源及在宋代的发展  

On the Origin and Development in Song Dynasty of Death Penalty by Cutting Flesh Bit by Bit

作　　者：孔学[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南大学历史文化学院,河南开封475001

出　　处：《史学月刊》2004年第6期38-43,共6页Journal of Historical Science

基　　金：~~

摘　　要：五代以前的东晋已有类似凌迟的脔割存在 ,但仅偶尔为之 ,到五代时期才成为一种法外之刑。最先有凌迟之刑的是契丹 ,起源于其本民族的习惯法 ,且契丹最先使用凌迟作为死刑的名称。宋代凌迟之刑在宋太宗晚期开始使用 ,仁宗时开始以诏令的形式规定其适用范围 ,神宗时凌迟之刑的适用范围扩大 ,南宋相沿无改。凌迟之刑在宋代仅以敕令的形式存在 ,所以俗称法外之刑。但宋代大量使用凌迟是以奏断进行的 ,反映了凌迟之刑的适用范围仍在形成过程中。盗贼及兵变的频繁是凌迟之刑在宋代存在和发展的重要原因。宋代凌迟之刑的使用对元明清均产生了重要影响。Something like the punishment of death by cutting flesh bit by bit already existed in the Eastern Jin before the Five Dynasties,but it become a severe punishment only in the Five Dynasties.The earliest practice of this cruel punishment was carried by the Qidan.This punishment was used in Song dynasty with growing frequercy as a result of too frequent robbery and military mutiny.It had an important influence on later dynasties.

关 键 词：宋代 刑罚制度 凌迟 契丹 

分 类 号：D929[政治法律—法学]