中国的非法移民问题  

The problem of china's illegal migration

作　　者：黄润龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京人口管理干部学院,江苏南京210042

出　　处：《人口与经济》2001年第1期12-22,共11页Population & Economics

摘　　要：:1978～ 1995年我国海外移民平均每年为 10～ 18万人 ,其中非法移民约占 2 0 %左右。非法移民可分偷渡移民和非法滞留移民。我国每年有“非法偷渡行为者”为 8～ 10万人 ,偷渡成功率为2 0 %～ 4 0 % ,真正实现偷渡目的 (包括在国外被抓获 )的约为每年 2万人。我国非法滞留移民主要分布在美国、加拿大、澳大利亚和欧洲等发达国家 ,非法滞留移民数量远超过偷渡移民 ,大致为当地华人总数的 5%～ 2 0 % ,非法滞留移民年平均增长率为 2 0 %。在西太平洋海上偷渡移民中 ,到美国的占 68% ;到东亚、南美的分别占 8%、2 4 %。On the average,there are one hundred to one hundred and eighty thousand Chinese people who migrated abroad a year from 1978 to 1995.Among them the illegal migrants accounts for about 20%.The illegal migration can be divided into two kinds,the illegally cross the national border migrants and the illegally staying in a foreign country migrants.The former numbers eighty thousand to one hundred thousand every year.The ratio of success is 20% to 40% and there are 20 thousand people who could really achieve their aimed destinations.The Chinese illegally staying migrants are mainly distributed in the developed countries such as the United States,Canada,Australia and the European countries and they greatly exceed the illegally crossing border migrants in number.The migrants who illegally staying in a foreign country account for 5% to 20% of the total local Chinese people and its average annual rate of growth is 20%.Among the migrants who illegally cross the Western Pacific Ocean,the persons going to America account for 68%,and the persons going to Eastern Asia and South America account for 8% and 24% respectively.

关 键 词：海外移民 偷渡移民 非法滞留移民 华人华侨 

分 类 号：C922[社会学—人口学]