某滑坡坝天然坝高评价及洪水漫坝可能性分析  

Study on the natural height of one landslide-dam and the possibility of inundating the dam by flood

作　　者：刘惠军[1] 聂德新[1] 崔银祥[1] 邓太平[2] 

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学工程地质研究所,四川成都610059 [2]四川省地质工程勘察院,四川成都610072

出　　处：《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2004年第2期44-47,共4页The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control

摘　　要：滑坡坝及形成的堰塞湖在世界各国的山区广泛分布。它能够形成天然水库,在发生溃坝和洪水漫坝的情况下,造成的灾害损失很大。历史上产生过许多天然滑坡坝,有些很快发生溃坝,有些存在时间很长。存在时间较长的滑坡坝,它周围风景秀丽,成为旅游热点地区,同时也可开发其水资源。在开发和利用这种滑坡坝时,它的安全性需要分析评价。由于它的坝高是自然形成,不受人为控制,坝高的安全程度需要分析研究。在人工坝高超高设计方法中,库区风速、浪高等是影响坝高的因素。计算时考虑最危险的情况和风速、波浪等因素叠加,滑坡坝的坝高符合设计坝高,满足规范要求,在这种情况下不会发生洪水漫坝和溃坝,不会对下游造成危害。某滑坡坝位于拟建某水电站的上游,在国家级自然保护区内,是著名的旅游景点,其安全性对旅游开发、工程建设和下游居民生命财产安全影响很大。为了评价滑坡坝的稳定性,需要对其发生洪水漫坝和溃坝的可能性进行研究,论证其安全性。通过使用人工坝超高计算方法进行计算,结果表明:它的天然坝高超过同等规模人工坝的设计超高要求,不会发生洪水漫坝和溃坝,对电站建设和下游居民不会产生威胁。滑坡坝是稳定的,可以进行综合开发。这种计算方法对类似工程也有一定的借鉴意义。Landslide-dams and lakes caused by them are widely distributed in mountain area all around the world, which may form natural reservoir and cause heavy loss if they break.In the history,many places developed a lot of natural landslide-dams,some broke quickly,some existed for a long time.They have a beautiful landscape and become favorite areas of tour around the landslide-dams existing for a long time, also they can supply water resources. It is necessary to analyse the safety of the dams when they are to be developed and used.Because the height of the landslide-dam isn't controlled by man, the safe height of landslide-dam needs to be studied.The speed of wind and the height of reservior wave are important factors influencing height of landslide-dam.It is required to consider the most dangerous work conditions,the speed of wind and the height of wave to design the height of a man-made dam.If the height of a landslide-dam meets the designed standard,inundation will not happen and cause hazards.A landslide-dam under study locates at the upstream of a planning hydropower station, It is a famous site in a national protection area, and its safety is very important for developing tourism,engineering construction and the safety of life and property in the lower reach region.In order to study the stability of ths landslide-dam,it is necessary to appraise the probability of its inundating and breaking.The paper uses the way of calculating safe height of man-made dam to analyze the safety of the landslide-dam.The result shows that its natural height meets the height of the same scale of man-made dam, so it will not threaten the planning hydropower station and the people in the lower region.The landslide-dam is stable and can be exploited. This method is useful for the similar projects.

关 键 词：滑坡坝 坝高 洪水漫坝 

分 类 号：P642.22[天文地球—工程地质学]