参考蒸发蒸腾量测定仪器的研究与开发  

Developing an Instrument to Measure Crop Evapotranspiration

作　　者：王玉宝[1] 汪志农[1] 尚虎君[1] 张晓涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2004年第3期61-64,共4页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：国家"863"计划资助项目(2001AA242111)

摘　　要：分析了现有作物需水量测定方法与计算方法在我国应用于灌溉预报时的局限性。根据土壤的蒸发机制与植物的蒸腾机理,按照参考蒸发蒸腾量(ET0)的定义,利用生物膜技术,研制了1种参考蒸发蒸腾量的测定仪器。该仪器可较好地模拟土壤蒸发与植物蒸腾的自然物理过程,仪器的试验结果显示,仪器的水位变化可与ET0有着很好的线性关系,若以此计算作物需水量,能满足灌溉预报精度要求。仪器使用方便、维护简单、价格低廉,将有良好的商品化开发及广阔的市场应用前景。The present measuring and computing methods of crop water requirements have some limitations when they applied to irrigation prediction in China. A instrument to measure ET0 directly is developed by the technology of biological membrane, according to the definition of reference evapotranspiration, the evaporation mechanism of soil and the transpiration mechanism of plant. The instrument can simulate the physical procedure of soil evaporation and plant transpiration. The relationship between the testing data of the instrument and ET0 is linear, and the precision of the instrument can satisfy the requirement of irrigated prediction. The apparatus can be operated and maintained easily with a low price. For all these reasons, the instrument is suited to the Chinese peasants who are general at a low level of economy and culture. The instrument will have some prospect in market place. 

关 键 词：参考蒸发蒸腾量 仪器 生物膜技术 模拟 灌溉预报 

分 类 号：S274.1[农业科学—农业水土工程]