九寨沟主要植物群落生物量的空间分布  

BIOMASS DISTRIBUTION OF THE MAJOR PLANT COMMUNITIES IN JIUZHAIGOU VALLEY, SICHUAN

作　　者：蓝振江[1] 蔡红霞[1] 曾涛[1] 王硕果[1] 郭海燕[1] 曾宗永[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学生命科学学院,成都610064

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2004年第3期299-306,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：九寨沟自然保护区管理局项目<九寨沟自然保护区综合科学考察>~~

摘　　要：研究了九寨沟自然保护区主要植物群落的生物量以及生物量在九寨沟的空间分布格局 ,并用群落的总生物量量度不同群落在九寨沟陆生生态系统中的相对重要性 .在野外实地调查中 ,采取皆伐法测定了乔木群落林下层以及灌丛和草甸群落的地上部分生物量 ;对样方中乔木的胸径、树高进行了测量 ,利用经验公式估算乔木层的生物量 .研究结果表明 ,所有群落中生物量最大的为亚高山暗针叶林 ,平均为 380thm-2 左右 ,总生物量亦占了整个九寨沟生物量总量的 90 %以上 ,为九寨沟陆地生态系统中最重要的植物群落 ;高山草甸和流石滩植被生物量最小 ,平均为 1thm-2以下 .整个九寨沟的总生物量约为 8.3× 10 6t,平均生产力大于 5 .89thm-2 a-1.垂直分布上 ,生物量一般随海拔的升高而增加 ,在halt=30 0 0m以上达到最大值 ,之后则随海拔的升高而急剧下降 ,这种分布格局与土壤、气候、人类干扰等各种环境因素密切相关 .与全国平均水平相比 ,九寨沟几乎所有类型的群落的平均生物量都要高于全国同类群落的平均水平 .图 3表 4参The biomass of the major plant communities and its spatial distribution was sampled and analyzed to delineate the relative importance of different plant communities in terrestrial ecosystem in Jiuzhaigou Nature Reserve, Sichuan. Clear cutting was used to measure the understory of trees, shrub communities and meadow communities. Tree biomass was estimated by measuring tree height and D.B.H. in use of empirical formula. The results suggest: the biomass of the alpine Picea-Abies forest, as much as 380 t hm -2 in average,is the largest and its total biomass accounts for over 90% of the total in Jiuzhaigou Valley. The alpine Picea-Abies forest is the most important plant community in Jiuzhaigou Valley. The average biomasses of the alpine meadow and alpine alluvial community are both less than 1 t hm -2 . The total biomass in Jiuzhaigou Valley is about 8.3×10 6 t and the average net primary productivity is over 5.89 t hm -2 a -1 . As for the distribution along the altitude, biomass increases as the altitude rises until it reaches the maximum at h alt =3 000 m, and then it declines while the altitude rises. The distribution is affected by many factors, such as soil, climate and human activities. Compared at national average level, the mean biomass of almost all kinds of communities in Jiuzhaigou Valley is higher except that of oak forest. Fig 3, Tab 4, Ref 18

关 键 词：生物量 植物群落 空间分布 相对重要性 九寨沟 

分 类 号：S718.542271[农业科学—林学]