宁夏中卫山羊核心产区生物多样性研究——基于空间和干扰下植物物种分布特征  

Studies on Biodiversity in the Core Region of Zhongwei Goat in Ningxia——Impacts of Altitude Gradient and Grassing Presure on Distribution of Plant

作　　者：尚占环[1] 姚爱兴[2] 辛明[2] 龙瑞军[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]宁夏大学草业科学研究所,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《宁夏农学院学报》2004年第2期1-4,共4页Journal of Ningxia Agricultural College

基　　金：国家自然基金 (3996 0 0 5 2 );教育部骨干教师计划项目

摘　　要：采用大样地调查方法对产区内不同海拔、不同利用程度的山地草地进行物种调查 ,并对物种数进行 β多样性计算 .结果表明 ,中卫山羊核心产区山地荒漠草原中物种数为 15 1种 ,分属 39科 ,95属 ,不同物种在一年内的生长动态是不一样的 ,而且各个样地的优势物种在不同月份变化很大 .大样地调查的物种数及 β多样性指数从整体上反映了山地荒漠草原地区的地形、水、热及干扰的综合作用 ,其中微地形的多样性导致生物多样性很显著 ,过度干扰 (放牧、人为不合理开发 )加重了山地荒漠草原生态系统的不完备性 ,直接导致系统内部结构紊乱及草地不同生产层次上系统的相悖 ,这种作用的长期性和循环性使该地区草地生态系统面临崩溃 ,因此必须对该地区进行保育性封育 ,以提高生态系统的完备性 .All plants in the core habitat of Zhongwei goat were researched by large samples that located in mountainous grassland at different altitude and grazing pressure and the datum of reaearched results were calculated by four β diversity indices. There were 151 species of plant that belonged to 95 genera, 39 families in the mountainous desert grassland. It is different that the dynamic state of different species in every month (from May to November), and dominant species changed apparently in every month in different samples. The result of β diversity and number of every samples reflacted the synthesis effect of topographical diversity, water and sunbeam distributing, interference and the effect of the topographical diversity significantly. Heavy interference (including grazing, reclamation, mining etc.) aggravated the no-completeness of ecosystem of desert grassland, which leaded the chaos of construction inner the ecosystem directly and then drove the paradox among every productive layer of moutainous desert grassland ecosystem, furthermore the chronicity and circularity of those effects made the grassland ecosystem more degradation. In the end, the authors suggested that the vgovernment should seal and nurse the grassland ecosystem to improve the completeness of the ecosystem.

关 键 词：荒漠草原 生物多样性 系统不完备性 中卫山羊 

分 类 号：Q948.2[生物学—植物学]