水泥粉尘作业职业危害早期检测指标初探  

The Index for Early Detection of Occupational Hazard by Exposure to Cement Dust

作　　者：王文蔚[1] 钟崇洲[1] 胡明月[1] 

机构地区：[1]温州医学院预防医学教研室,中国浙江温州325003

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2004年第3期442-443,共2页Practical Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的　探讨水泥粉尘职业危害的早期检测指标。　方法　运用职业流行病学调查方法 ,调查和分析了 85名水泥粉尘作业工人和 80名对照组的自觉症状、肺通气功能和尿羟脯氨酸 (HYP)。　结果　接尘工人的上呼吸道及眼部刺激症状显著增多 ,与对照组比较差异有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;肺通气功能各项指标均明显低于对照组 ,差异有非常显著性意义 (P <0 .0 0 1) ;两组尿羟脯氨酸 (HYP)含量差异无显著性意义 (P >0 .1)。　结论　长期接触水泥粉尘可引起以阻塞性肺通气功能障碍为主的肺功能损害 ,肺通气功能可作为水泥粉尘职业危害的早期检测指标 ;尿羟脯氨酸 (HYP)作为水泥粉尘职业危害的早期检测指标并不满意。Objective To examine the hazardous effect of long term exposure to cement dust on pulmonary functions in cement factory workers and to evaluate the method for early detection. Methods 85 cement factory workers with more than 3 years of exposure to cement dust and 80 controls without cement dust exposure were surveyed. Pulmonary function test and urine hydroxyproline(HYP) were obtained. Results The two groups were well matched for age and male to female ratio. There were more upper airway and eye irritation symptoms reported in the group of cement dust exposure compared to the control group(P<0.05). All parameters of pulmonary function test were significantly worse than that of control group(P< 0.001 ). There was no difference in urine hydroxyproline (HYP )concentration between two groups (P>0.1). Conclusions Pulmonary function test indicating obstructive airway changes can be found in cement factory workers with over 3 years of chronic cement dust exposure. Pulmonary function test may be used as a method for early detection to monitor the hazardous effect of cement dust exposure. Routine use of urine HYP as an early detection method is not satisfactory.

关 键 词：水泥粉尘 早期检测指标 肺通气功能 尿羟脯氨酸 

分 类 号：R135.1[医药卫生—劳动卫生]