黄河中游多沙粗沙区水土保持减沙的近期趋势及其成因  

Short-Term Tendency of Water and Sediment Reduction through Soil Conservation and Its Cause of Formation in Coarse and Sediment Concentrated Regions in the Middle Yellow River

作　　者：许炯心[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《中国水土保持》2004年第7期3-6,共4页Soil and Water Conservation in China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金与黄河水利委员会联合资助的重点项目(50239080);国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(G1999043604)

摘　　要：本研究以1950～1997年的长系列水文资料和面雨量资料,分析了黄河中游河口镇至龙门区间年输沙量和年降水量的时间变化趋势,发现在1970年以来多沙粗沙区入黄泥沙量减少的总体背景之上,出现了1986～1997年间入黄泥沙量增加的近期趋势。这一增加趋势,与20世纪80年代以后淤地坝修建量大为减少,70年代修建的淤地坝与拦沙库容已大部分失效有密切关系。此外,90年代人为增沙量大幅度增加,已占水土保持减沙量的22%左右,部分抵消了水土保持措施的减沙效益,这也是90年代入黄泥沙增加的重要原因。针对存在的问题提出了若干对策建议。Based on the study of long series hydrological and precipitation data from 1950 to 1997 and analysis on time variation tendency of annual sediment delivery and annual precipitation of the reach between Hekouzhen and Longmen in the middle Yellow River, the paper finds that the sediment coming into the Yellow River has been increased in the period of 1986～1997 based on the overall condition of reduction in the coarse and heavy sediment concentrated regions since 1970. This increasing tendency is closely related with the situation of the reduction of warping dams building since 1980's and lost effectiveness of most warping dams and reservoirs for sediment retaining built in 1970's. In addition, the man-made sediment increase is greatly in 1990's, making up about 22% of sediment reduction through soil and water conservation measures and partially counteracting sediment reduction benefits gained through soil and water conservation measures. This is an important reason why the sediment coming into the Yellow River is increased in 1990's. The paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions in accordance with existing issue.

关 键 词：水土保持 淤地坝 减沙效益 多沙粗沙区 黄河中游 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学] TV882.1[农业科学—农业基础科学]