劳动力流动:中国农村收入增长的新因素  

Labour Migration as A New Determinant of Income Growth in Rural China

作　　者：马忠东[1] 张为民 梁在[3] 崔红艳 

机构地区：[1]香港科技大学社会科学部 [2]国家统计局人口社科司 [3]美国纽约州立大学奥本尼分校社会系

出　　处：《人口研究》2004年第3期2-10,共9页Population Research

摘　　要：劳动力流出究竟会促进还是削弱当地的发展是 1 990年代国内外学术界争论的一个焦点。本文运用中国 2 0 0 0年普查数据以及分县的时间序列数据 ,考察了人口流动趋势及其对当地劳动力和农村收入增长的影响。结果显示 ,1 990年代的大量劳动力流出对粮食生产影响并不显著 ,输出地的肉类产品反而有了较快的增长 ,劳动力流动已成为不发达地区农村收入新的增长点 ,正逐步发挥其消除贫困制约地区差距的效应。Researchers in the field of migration are debating on whether migration undermines or boosts rural development. In this paper, we study the effect of labor migration/remittances on rural income growth in a multivariate framework, using migration data from China's 2000 census and time-series statistics by rural county. Results show that labor migration strongly enhanced income growth in rural China, relieving millions of peasants' families from poverty in the 1990s. By contrast, the lost-of-labor effect of migration on the growth of grain production was barely significant and negligible. Meat and other agricultural production actually grew rapidly in the sending areas. These findings suggest that labor migration have become a new growth point in rural China, facilitating the growth in less developed regions.

关 键 词：劳动力流动机制 中国 农村 农民收入 流动人口 就业劳动力 

分 类 号：F323.8[经济管理—产业经济] F323.6