抑制汽油挥发的分子膜技术研究  

Study on the Molecular Film Technique for the Evaporation Retardation of Gasoline

作　　者：浮东宝[1] 朱建华[1] 

机构地区：[1]石油大学化工学院,北京102249

出　　处：《高校化学工程学报》2004年第3期389-393,共5页Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities

基　　金：石油大学(北京)学生科技创新基金资助项目

摘　　要：针对浮顶罐的弊端,对分子膜技术抑制汽油挥发的设想做了一些实验研究。通过铺展实验,筛选出两种可以在汽油表面铺展成膜的水溶液:FC-3水溶液、全氟辛酸和辛基三甲基溴化铵混合物水溶液。挥发实验结果表明,在一定时间内,铺展液膜对汽油挥发的抑制效果非常明显,由于铺展液膜的不稳定性,这种抑制效果不能长期保持。为了保持分子液膜对汽油挥发的抑制效果,提出了连续滴加液膜材料的方法,可使抑制效果得以有效保持。The application of insoluble molecular film, as an alternative of the previously-used floating roof tank, to retard gasoline evaporation was studied. Two aqueous solutions, FC-3 solution and a mixture solution of perfluorooctanoic acid and octyltrimethylammonium bromide, able to be spread on gasoline, were identified in the paper and their speadability was testified by experiments. These spreading liquid films could obviously retard gasoline evaporation within a short time, that is, with 71% of gasoline evaporation reduced by FC-3 solution and 90% by the mixture solution in 5 minutes. However the retardation fails to last for a longer period of time because of the instability of the films. In order to improve the retardation, a scheme is suggested that the aqueous solution is continuously added on gasoline. It is discovered that during the continuous addition of solution mixture the gasoline evaporation can be reduced by 87.3%. In addition, the surface and interfacial tension of the solutions and/between gasoline are measured, and the measurements clarify the spreading phenomena of the solutions on gasoline.

关 键 词：氟表面活性剂 汽油 挥发抑制 分子膜 

分 类 号：O648.22[理学—物理化学] TE85[理学—化学]