不同硼效率棉花品种花器官生理特性研究  

Study on Physiological Characteristics of Floral Organ in Two Cotton Cultivars with Different Boron Efficiency

作　　者：耿明建[1] 吴礼树[1] 曹享云[1] 刘武定[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学资源与环境学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《棉花学报》2004年第4期206-210,共5页Cotton Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(39870520);高等学校博士学科点专项基金(970404)

摘　　要：土培条件下研究硼对2个硼效率不同的棉花品种花器官生长发育及某些生理指标的影响。结果显示,缺硼导致低效棉花品种花冠、花萼、雄蕊、雌蕊的生物量明显降低,对高效品种影响不明显。缺硼使2个棉花品种花器官各部位硼含量及累积量均明显降低,低效品种降低幅度大于高效品种,特别是雄蕊和雌蕊中表现更明显;还使两棉花品种花药、雌蕊和花冠中可溶性糖、淀粉、游离脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白质含量以及花粉活力均显著降低,低效品种变化比高效品种更明显。The sexual reproduction is often more sensitive to low soil boron content than vegetative growth, obvious seed yield reductions can occur without symptoms being expressed during prior vegetative growth. Because of the speciality of boron chemistry, the role of boron in reproductive growth is not clearly understood. Plant response to low soil boron ratio varies widely among species, and among genotypes within a species. The mechanism of genotypic variation in plant response to boron deficiency is little known yet. In this paper the relationship between cotton genotypic difference responding to boron deficiency and reproductive growth were studied. The experiments were conducted under soil culture with low(0.15 mg·kg^(-1)) and sufficient(1.0 mg·kg^(-1)) boron supply, the dry weight, pollen viability, the content of boron and some soluble compounds contained carbon and nitrogen in the different parts of floral organ in two cotton cultivars with different boron efficiency were determined. The dry weight of calyx, corolla, stamen and pistil of boron-inefficient cotton cultivar was obviously decreased by boron deficiency, but only slightly downward trendy in boron-efficient treatment. Boron deficiency reduced the boron content and accumulation of different parts of floral organ in both cotton cultivars, but with greater intensity in boron inefficient environment, especially in stamen and pistil. The content of soluble sugar, starch, free proline and soluble protein in corolla, stamen and pistil and pollen viability were significantly cut down in both cotton cultivars by boron deficiency, but the degree of reduce in B-inefficient cotton cultivar was more greater. Those inferred that more boron in the floral organ of B-efficient cotton cultivar than B-inefficient one, especially in stamen and pistil, might result in a better assimilation of carbon and nitrogen and development of its reproductive organ in low boron soil. The reason why the floral organ of the efficient cultivar gained more boron was discussed, it may b

关 键 词：硼效率 棉花品种 花器官 生理特性 

分 类 号：S562.01[农业科学—作物学]