液体地膜育苗对棉花生育与产量的影响研究  

Effects of Seedling Nursing With Liquid Film on Growth and Yield of Cotton

作　　者：杨青华[1] 韩锦峰[1] 贺德先[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学农学院,郑州450002

出　　处：《棉花学报》2004年第4期216-222,共7页Cotton Science

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(991030304)

摘　　要：研究了液体地膜育苗对棉花生长发育与产量的影响。试验表明 ,与塑料拱棚育苗相比 ,适量液体地膜( 5 0 0～ 75 0kg·hm 2 )育苗棉花增产显著。其增产机理是棉苗质量高 ,移栽后缓苗期短 ;叶面积大 ,生育前期增加快 ,后期下降幅度小 ;叶片光化学特性得到改善 ,棉铃蔗糖转化酶活性提高 ;成铃时空分布合理 ,优质铃数增加 ,铃重提高。在棉花生产中 。Seedling raising and transplanting is a momentous innovation in cotton culture in China. Research on this technique started in 1954 by former Huadong Institute of Agricultural Sciences, and had been improved then. At present, it has become an important high-yield technique in cotton-growing areas especially in the Yangtze River Valley and the Yellow River Valley. However, breeding seedling was difficult to standardize with plastic film by this technique, which resulted in weak cotton seedlings, high incidence of various diseases, and high seedling mortality. By comparison, the new ground-covered technique with liquid film could overcome such obstacles. Liquid film, also called multi-functional and degradable liquid film, is a new organic macromolecular compound. After it is sprayed on soil surface, a thin black film would form. Such liquid film could increase soil temperature and moisture, and improve other soil properties. In the current study, effects of plastic-fied technique and liquid-film technique on cotton growth, development, and yield were tested and compared. The objectives of the study were: (1) to investigate the mechanism of high-yield transplanted cotton with liquid-film raised seedlings, (2) to provide theoretical support for popularization of liquid film in cotton production practice.The experiment was conducted from 2002 to 2003 on a sandy loam at Henan Agriculture University Experimental Station, Zhengzhou, Henan, China. Content of soil organic matter, total N, available P, and available K was (1.22%), 0.95 g·kg^(-1), 24.4 mg·kg^(-1), and (116.5 mg)·kg^(-1), respectively. The treatments were different at amount of liquid film used: T1(250 kg·hm^(-2)), T2(500 kg·hm^(-2)), T3(750 kg·hm^(-2)), and T4(1000 kg·hm^(-2)). Plastic-film was used as control. Diluent of the liquid film, prepared by Henan Agricultural University, with 20-time water was uniformly sprayed on soil surface. Seeds of CCRI 41 were sown in nursery pots on March 20. Seedlings were transplanted on May 5 at an establishment

关 键 词：液体地膜育苗 棉花 生育性状 产量 

分 类 号：S562.043[农业科学—作物学]