矿物-水反应的地球化学动力学研究进展  

Brief Review on Advancement of Geochemical Kinetical Studies of Mineral-water Interactions

作　　者：孙占学[1] 朱永刚 张文[1] 

机构地区：[1]东华理工学院,江西抚州344000 [2]江西省核工业地质局,江西南昌330046

出　　处：《东华理工学院学报》2004年第1期14-18,共5页Journal of East China Institute of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40 2 4 2 0 1 8)和 (40 372 0 63)

摘　　要：回顾了地球化学动力学这门新兴学科的产生与发展 ,评述了国内外矿物 -水反应的地球化学动力学研究的新进展 ,介绍了矿物 -水反应的溶解动力学及地球化学动力学模拟的新成果及应用领域。低温条件下硅酸盐和碳酸盐矿物与水的反应得到高度重视。硅酸盐矿物的溶解速率与溶液的 pH值、离子强度、温度及有机酸的含量等密切相关。碳酸盐类矿物的溶解速率主要取决于温度、CO2 分压、酸碱度及相关离子的活度等因素。氧化物、硫化物、及氟化物等的溶解沉淀的动力学研究开始得到关注。矿物 -水反应的地球化学动力学模拟已成为一个很有前景的方向。The formation and development of geochemical kinetics were reviewed, and the latest developments of geochemical kinetics of mineral-water interaction were discussed. The dissolution kinetics and geochemical modeling of mineral-water interactions and their applications were summarized. The low-temperature dissolution kinetics of silicates and carbonates are highly emphasized. The dissolution velocity of silicates is pH, ion strength, temperature and organic acid concentration dependant, and the dissolution velocity of carbonates mainly depends on temperature, partial pressure of CO_2, pH, and activities of relevant ions in the solution. The dissolution kinetics of oxides, sulfides and fluorides are being paid more and more attention to. Recently, geochemical kinetical modeling of mineral-water reaction has been focused on.

关 键 词：矿物 水 化学反应 地球化学动力学 碳酸盐 

分 类 号：P574[天文地球—矿物学]