A型和B型流感病毒抗原的快速检测方法及临床应用  

A Rapid Method for Detecting Flu A+B Antigens and Its Application

作　　者：王厚芳[1] 孙芾[1] 林宏[1] 于俊峰[1] 李明[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京和睦家医院中心实验室,北京100016

出　　处：《现代检验医学杂志》2004年第3期7-9,共3页Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine

摘　　要：目的　介绍一种检测 A型和 B型流感病毒抗原的快速方法以便及早确诊病人是否患有流感及所患流感类型 ,从而为临床提供良好的治疗依据。方法　采用一种快速 EIA法检测 A型和 B型流感病毒抗原试剂盒检测有流感症状病人的咽拭子或鼻咽拭子中是否有流感病毒抗原。结果　从 2 0 0 1年 1 0月到2 0 0 3年 6月两年内累计检测了 2 88例病人标本 ,总阳性率为 1 1 .1 % ( 32 /2 88) ,且以 A型流感病毒感染为主 ( 8.3% )。 2 0 0 2～ 2 0 0 3年流感季节 ,流感病毒感染的总阳性率为 1 8.9% ( 2 7/1 43) ,A型流感病毒感染阳性率占 1 6.1 % ( 2 3/1 43) ,B型流感病毒感染阳性率占 2 .8% ( 4 /1 43)。这一季节内阳性结果主要集中在2 0 0 3年 1月 ;5 5例病人标本中 A型流感病毒感染的阳性率为 2 9.1 % ( 1 6/5 5 ) ;B型流感病毒感染的阳性率为 1 .8%。其中 1 2 y以下儿童 2 5例 ,A型流感病毒感染阳性率为 40 % ( 1 0 /2 5 ) ,是 B型的 1 0倍 ( 1 /2 5 )。结论　采用日本生产的快速 EIA法检测 A型和 B型流感病毒抗原试剂盒 1 5 min内可确定标本中是否有流感病毒抗原并能同时区分出两种主要流感病毒感染类型— A型流感或 B型流感 ,有利于疾病的早期诊断、治疗和预防 ,防止社区Objective Introduce a rapid method for detecting Flu A and B antigens so that the patients with flu symptoms can be diagnosed and treated early.Methods Throat swabs from patients with flu symptoms were detected using the rapid Flu A+B Antigens kit made in Japan.Results From Oct.2001 to June 2003,288 patients specimens were detected.The total positive rate was 11.1%(32/288),and most of them were flu A.During the 2002～2003 flu season,the positive rate was 18.9%(27/143),flu A was 16.1%(23/143) and flu B was 2.8%(4/143).Positive results appeared mainly in Jan.2003;the positive rate of flu A was 29.1%(16/55);flu B was 1 8%(1/55).Of the 55,25 were clildren.The positive rate of flu A in children was 40%,which was four times of flu B.Conclusion The rapid flu A+B antigens method can define the presence of flu viruses within 15 min and distinguish the types of viruses A or B,which helps early treatment and prevention,preventing from community or area endemics.

关 键 词：流感 流感病毒抗原 A型流感病毒 B型流感病毒 

分 类 号：R373.13[医药卫生—病原生物学] R446.62[医药卫生—基础医学]