昆山市妊娠期铁缺乏和贫血的现况研究  

A Study on Iron Deficiency and Anemia during Pregnancy in Kunshan City

作　　者：冯佩[1] 贾玉芳[2] 喻茜[1] 王开林[3] 李宁[4] 杨六计 沈静[2] 万启军[2] 徐艳[2] 张梅芳[2] 管丽芳 吴静 

机构地区：[1]昆山市妇幼保健所,江苏 昆山 [2]昆山市中医医院,江苏 昆山 [3]昆山市第四人民医院,江苏 昆山 [4]昆山市第六人民医院,江苏 昆山 [5]昆山市第五人民医院,江苏 昆山

出　　处：《临床医学进展》2020年第4期562-567,共6页Advances in Clinical Medicine

基　　金：昆山市科技局社会发展计划资助项目(KS1742)。

摘　　要：目的:探究昆山地区妊娠期铁缺乏及贫血的现况,为其预防和治疗提供可靠的依据。方法:本研究采取分层随机抽样的方法,选取了1026例年龄在20~45岁间的健康妊娠期女性作为研究对象,进行面对面的调查,并采集清晨空腹静脉血5 mL,进行血常规及铁代谢指标的检测。结果:1026例研究对象中,铁缺乏的孕妇473例,占46.10%;贫血的孕妇157例,占15.30%;缺铁性贫血103例,占10.04%。随着孕周的增加,妊娠期贫血和缺铁性贫血的患病率均逐渐上升(p值均小于0.05)。非条件logistic回归分析显示,以血清铁蛋白 ≥ 30 μg/L为参比组,铁缺乏组(血清铁蛋白低于20 μg/L)发生妊娠期贫血的风险增加了1.76倍,OR值2.76,95% CI为1.84~4.12,并且随着血清铁蛋白浓度的降低,妊娠期贫血的患病率逐步增加(趋势性检验p值小于0.05)。结论:昆山市妊娠期贫血的患病率处于比较低的水平,在血清铁蛋白低于20 μg/L的时候,及时的进行铁剂补充,可以有效地预防妊娠期贫血的发生。Objective: To explore the status of iron deficiency and gestational anemia in Kunshan area, and to provide a reliable basis for its prevention and treatment. Methods: In this study, 1026 healthy pregnant women aged between 20 and 45 years were selected by stratified random sampling as subjects for face-to-face investigation, and 5 mL fasting venous blood was collected in the morning for routine blood test and iron metabolism test. Results: Among the 1026 subjects, there were 473 cases of iron deficiency, accounting for 46.10%;there were 157 cases of gestational anemia, ac-counting for 15.30%. Iron deficiency anemia was found in 103 cases, accounting for 10.04%. With the increase of gestational weeks, the prevalence of gestational anemia and iron deficiency anemia increased gradually (all p values of trend test were less than 0.05). Non-conditional logistic re-gression analysis showed that with serum ferritin ≥ 30 μg/L as the reference group, the risk of gestational anemia in the iron deficiency group increased by 1.76 times, the OR value was 2.76, and the 95% CI was 1.84 - 4.12. Moreover, with the serum ferritin concentration decreased, the prevalence of gestational anemia gradually increased (p value of trend test was less than 0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of gestational anemia in Kunshan city was at a relatively low level. When the serum ferritin was less than 20 μg/L, timely iron supplement can effectively prevent the occurrence of gestational anemia.

关 键 词：铁缺乏 缺铁性贫血 妊娠期贫血 

分 类 号：R71[医药卫生—妇产科学]