类脑器官在神经退行性疾病中的研究进展  

Advances in the Study of Human Brain Organoids in Neurodegenerative Diseases

作　　者：韩晓旭 张庆硕 宋丹丹 周世越 张金璐 王晓红[1] 许顺良[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学第二医院全科医学科,山东 济南 [2]山东大学第二医院神经内科,山东 济南 [3]山东省省立三院神经内科,山东 济南 [4]山东省第二人民医院神经内科,山东 济南

出　　处：《临床医学进展》2024年第2期3483-3491,共9页Advances in Clinical Medicine

摘　　要：神经退行性疾病(Neurological Degeneration Diseases, NDDs)是一种隐袭起病、慢性进展的中枢神经系统疾病,其主要病理特征是特定神经元的丢失和特异性病理的形成。传统实验方法对NDDs发病机制、治疗方案的探索难以模拟人体环境和潜在的病理改变。由于上述局限性,基于人诱导多能干细胞(human induced pluripotent stem cells, hiPSC)构建的类脑组织及器官(human brain organoids)已用于NDDs的基础研究。本文重点介绍了类脑器官这一新型实验研究方法在NDDs中的应用、优势及局限性,并对其应用前景进行展望。Neurological Degeneration Diseases (NDDs) are a kind of central nervous system diseases with in-sidious onset and chronic progression. The main pathological features are the loss of specific neu-rons and the formation of specific pathologies. Traditional experimental methods to explore the pathogenesis and treatment of NDDs are difficult to simulate the human environment and potential pathological changes. Due to the above limitations, brain-like tissues and organs based on human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) have been used in basic research of NDDs. This article focuses on the application, advantages and limitations of organoids as a new experimental research method in NDDs, and prospects for its application.

关 键 词：神经退行性疾病 类脑器官 发病机制 药物筛选 

分 类 号：R94[医药卫生—药剂学]