右美托咪定对心脏缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用研究进展  

Research Progress on the Protective Effects of Dexmedetomidine against Cardiac Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

作　　者：刘一谋 黄晶[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属第二医院心内科,重庆

出　　处：《临床医学进展》2024年第6期284-291,共8页Advances in Clinical Medicine

摘　　要：右美托咪定(Dexmedetomidine, DEX)是一种高选择性的α2肾上腺素受体激动剂,该药物具有镇静镇痛、减轻应激及炎症反应及抗焦虑等多种作用,因此常用于手术围术期或重症监护病房机械通气时的辅助治疗。然而,动物实验研究和临床试验都已充分证实,右美托咪定也是一种抗缺血再灌注损伤(Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury, IRI)的心脏保护药物。本文深入总结了右美托咪定在抗心脏缺血再灌注损伤中的作用机制和信号通路;此外,本文综述了目前在心脏手术围术期中应用右美托咪定保护缺血心脏的临床研究,以期为未来的研究方向提供启示。我们希望这些研究成果不仅能够为心脏手术患者带来益处,还能拓展至更广泛的临床领域,如急性冠脉综合征患者,从而使更多患者受益。Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is a highly selective α2 adrenergic receptor agonist known for its sedative and analgesic properties. It exhibits various effects including pain relief, anti-anxiety properties, and reduction of stress and inflammatory responses, making it a common adjunctive therapy during perioperative surgery and mechanical ventilation in intensive care units. Both animal experimental studies and clinical trials have demonstrated the cardioprotective potential of dexmedetomidine against ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). This review article aims to explore the mechanisms and signaling pathways underlying dexmedetomidine’s anti-cardiac IRI effects. Furthermore, it will provide an overview of the current use of dexmedetomidine during the perioperative period of cardiac surgery for cardiac protection and suggest potential future research directions. The findings from these studies are expected to not only benefit patients undergoing cardiac surgery, but also have implications for broader clinical applications, such as in patients with acute coronary syndrome, thereby extending the benefits to a larger patient population.

关 键 词：心脏缺血再灌注损伤 右美托咪定 心脏保护 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]