“多元决定”、“断裂”与“无主体”——论阿尔都塞结构主义历史观的核心特征  

“Multiple Decisions”, “Fracture” and “No Subject”—On the Core Features of Althusser’s Structuralist View of History

作　　者：陈丽媛 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学马克思主义学院,湖北 武汉

出　　处：《哲学进展》2024年第2期267-272,共6页Advances in Philosophy

摘　　要：通过批判黑格尔的历史时代概念和人道主义马克思主义的历史观,阿尔都塞将历史理解为事物内部结构的无主体的阶段性发展过程,“多元决定”“断裂”与“无主体”成为阿尔都塞历史观的核心概念。与此对应,非同一性、非连续性、无主体性成为阿尔都塞结构主义历史观的核心特征。阿尔都塞对马克思历史思想的结构主义式的解读,为反对西方马克思主义内部的马克思主义人道化思潮、保卫马克思历史思想的科学性做出了独特的理论贡献。但其历史思想过于强调结构的作用,一定程度上偏离了马克思的唯物史观,也偏离了其“保卫马克思”的目的。By criticizing Hegel’s concept of the historical era and the humanist Marxist view of history, Al-thusser understood history as the process of the non-subject development of the internal structure of things, and “pluralistic determination”, “fracture” and “non-subject” became the core concepts of Althusser’s view of history. Accordingly, non-identity, non-continuity and non-subjectivity become the core features of Althusser’s structuralist view of history. Althusser’s structuralist interpretation of Marx’s historical thought has made a unique theoretical contribution to opposing the humaniza-tion of Marxist thought in Western Marxism and safeguarding the scientificity of Marx’s historical thought. However, his historical thought overemphasized the role of structure, which deviated from Marx’s historical materialism to some extent, and also deviated from his purpose of “defending Marx”.

关 键 词：阿尔都塞 历史观 多元决定 断裂 历史无主体 

分 类 号：B08[哲学宗教—哲学理论]