论德里达对资本主义的批判——以《马克思的幽灵》为视角  

On Derrida’s Critique of Capitalism—In the Light of Specters of Marx as a Perspective

作　　者：吕葳 

机构地区：[1]南开大学马克思主义学院,天津

出　　处：《哲学进展》2024年第3期530-536,共7页Advances in Philosophy

摘　　要：德里达对资本主义的批判是解构思想的重要组成部分。东欧剧变之后,国际社会普遍对马克思主义持悲观态度,德里达却反其道而行之,着重批判了资本主义,主张继承马克思的批判精神和弥赛亚精神,以此维护马克思主义。针对福山的历史终结论,德里达列举了大量事实予以反击,深刻地揭示了福山的历史终结论建立在超历史的唯心主义之上,割裂了理想与现实。虽然德里达有力地打击了资本主义,但是他的批判思想仍然存在“拆分马克思主义”“正义概念模糊”等局限性。本文试图以《马克思的幽灵》一书为视角,通过解构主义的方法去探析德里达对资本主义的批判,促进当代马克思主义的发展。Derrida’s critique of capitalism is an important part of deconstructive thought. While the interna-tional community was generally pessimistic about Marxism in the wake of the dramatic changes in Eastern Europe, Derrida went in the opposite direction, focusing on a critique of capitalism and ar-guing for the inheritance of Marx’s critical and messianic spirit as a means of defending Marxism. In response to Fukuyama’s “End of History”, Derrida cites a large number of facts to counter it, pro-foundly revealing that Fukuyama’s “End of History” is based on super-historical idealism, which separates the ideal from the reality. Although Derrida has struck a powerful blow against capitalism, his critical thought still suffers from limitations such as the “splitting of Marxism” and the “ambigu-ity of the concept of justice”. This paper attempts to analyze Derrida’s critique of capitalism through a deconstructionist approach by using the book The Specters of Marx as a lens to promote contem-porary Marxism.

关 键 词：德里达 马克思的幽灵 历史终结论 解构主义 

分 类 号：A81[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]