“理论上的反人道主义”与阿尔都塞马克思主义哲学的内在逻辑  

“Theoretical Anti-Humanism” and the Internal Logic of Althusser’s Marxist Philosophy

作　　者：林鸿涓 

机构地区：[1]海南大学马克思主义学院,海南 海口

出　　处：《哲学进展》2024年第12期3423-3430,共8页Advances in Philosophy

摘　　要：路易·阿尔都塞(Louis Althusser)作为20世纪西方马克思主义的重要代表人物之一,对马克思主义的独特阐释产生了深远影响。“理论上的反人道主义”是他最具争议的命题之一,通过“认识论断裂”理论揭示了马克思从早期人道主义哲学向历史唯物主义的转变,为西方马克思主义研究提供了新视角。他借助弗洛伊德与拉康的理论提出“症候阅读法”,揭示马克思主义理论中的潜在空白与缺失。阿尔都塞的“理论上的反人道主义”不仅提供了对马克思主义新的理解,还对人道主义思潮提出了深刻的批判,在当代思想史上具有不可忽视的积极意义。然而,这一理论也存在不足之处,例如对人的主体能动性关注不足以及用语过于偏激的问题。这些不足同样值得深入探讨。本文将基于阿尔都塞的主要著作及相关文献,探讨“理论上的反人道主义”与其他核心概念之间的内在联系,分析这一思想如何贯穿阿尔都塞的整体理论框架,从而为理解马克思主义哲学的结构性和逻辑性提供理论支持。Louis Althusser, as one of the most prominent representatives of 20th-century Western Marxism, has had a profound influence on the interpretation of Marxist theory. His concept of “Theoretical Anti-Humanitarianism,” one of his most controversial propositions, employs the theory of “Epistemological Break” to reveal Marx’s transition from early humanist philosophy to historical materialism, offering a new perspective for Western Marxist studies. Drawing on the theories of Freud and Lacan, Althusser introduced the “Symptomatic Reading” method, exposing the latent gaps and omissions in Marxist theory. Althusser’s “Theoretical Anti-Humanitarianism” not only provides a new understanding of Marxism but also delivers a profound critique of humanist thought, holding undeniable significance in contemporary intellectual history. However, this theory also has its limitations,

关 键 词：阿尔都塞 理论上的反人道主义 认识论断裂 症候阅读法 

分 类 号：A81[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]