韩非“人情”视角下的官僚治理说  

Bureaucratic Governance from the Perspective of Han Fei’s Concept of “Human Nature”

作　　者：李梦怡 

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学马克思主义学院,云南 昆明

出　　处：《哲学进展》2025年第2期93-98,共6页Advances in Philosophy

摘　　要：韩非的官僚治理说是一种关于如何有效管理官僚系统使其高效运行的理论,其中包含对官僚系统的常规支配和对“重臣”的重点支配,前者侧重“规范”,确定了官僚选拔、考核、奖惩和监察的基本原则,为官僚系统奠定基本的运行规则;后者侧重“防范”,目的在于防止重臣壅蔽,疏通各类信息上传下达的流通渠道。“因情”被看作是韩非治国的首要原则和根本原则,他提出了“凡治天下,必因人情”的治国方略。将“因人情”运用到官僚政治中,一定程度上使官僚系统良好运行,仅仅依靠利益引导和强制性的奖惩制度虽不能从根源上解决问题,但也对后世产生了深远影响。Han Fei’s theory of bureaucratic governance is a theory on how to effectively manage the bureaucratic system to ensure its efficient operation. It encompasses both routine control over the bureaucratic system and focused control over “important ministers”. The former emphasizes “norms”, establishing basic principles for the selection, assessment, rewards and punishments, and supervision of bureaucrats, thereby laying the groundwork for the basic operational rules of the bureaucratic system. The latter emphasizes “prevention”, aiming to prevent important ministers from blocking information and to ensure smooth communication channels for the transmission of information both upwards and downwards. “Based on human nature” is regarded as the primary and fundamental principle of Han Fei’s statecraft, and he proposed the strategy of governing the country by “always governing based on human nature”. Applying the principle of “based on human nature” to bureaucratic politics has, to a certain extent, enabled the bureaucratic system to operate well. Although relying solely on interest incentives and mandatory reward and punishment systems cannot solve problems at their root, it has had a profound impact on later generations.

关 键 词：韩非 人情论 常规支配 重点支配 

分 类 号：TP3[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]