基于地震槽波速度场探测瓦斯富集区的机理与方法探讨——以新安煤田煤与瓦斯突出矿井采煤工作面为例  

Mechanism & Method of Detecting Gas Concentrated Zone Based on ISS Velocity Field—Examples from Coalfaces of Coal and Gas Outburst Mines in Xin’an Coalfield

作　　者：滕吉文[1,2,3] 李松营 贾明魁 廉洁 刘国栋 冯磊[7] 姚小帅[4] 闫亚芬 金明方[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,北京 [2]吉林大学,吉林长春 [3]中国科学院大学,北京 [4]义马煤业集团股份有限公司地质研究所,河南义马 [5]河南能源化工集团有限公司研究总院,河南郑州 [6]中国地震局地质研究所,北京 [7]河南理工大学资源环境学院,河南焦作

出　　处：《地球科学前沿（汉斯）》2019年第2期35-43,共9页Advances in Geosciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(41130419)。

摘　　要：瓦斯是煤矿第一杀手,瓦斯事故极易造成重大人员伤亡和财产损失,而瓦斯富集区(带)则是瓦斯事故的高发区域。为了厘定瓦斯富集区(带)的地球物理标志、规律与煤层厚度变化、构造、地应力集中等地质异常事件之间的关系,本文以河南省新安煤田为例,采用地震槽波透射法进行探查,在采煤工作面一条煤巷内侧煤壁布置炮孔形成激发地震槽波波场的震源,在另一条煤巷内侧煤壁布置检波器接收地震槽波信息和采集数据,依次激发,同步接收。通过地震槽波速度层析成像求得采煤工作面槽波速度场分布图,然后预测瓦斯富集区(带),再通过与钻孔实测瓦斯含量进行对比分析做效果检验。实验结果初步证明:利用地震槽波速度场可以有效预测采煤工作面瓦斯富集区(带),能够科学指导矿井瓦斯灾害防治。Gas is the first killer of coalmines, and the gas accidents easily cause heavy casualties and property losses. Gas accumulation area (zone) is the high incidence area of gas accidents. In order to determine the relationship between the rules of gas accumulation area (zone) and geological anomalies such as thickness change, structure and stress concentration of coal seam, the paper takes Xin’an coalfield as an example. The ISS (in-seam Seismic Survey) transmission method was adopted for exploration, the shot holes were arranged in the inside coal wall of one way of the coal mining face to form the seismic source of the seismic wave field;in another way, the detectors were arranged to receive the seismic channel wave information and collect the data, and the excitation in sequence and reception were synchronized. The velocity field distribution of the channel wave in the mining face was drawn by the velocity tomography, and then the gas accumulation areas (zones) were predicted, and last the effects were tested by comparative analysis between the predictions and the drill-measured gas content. The experimental results preliminarily prove that the velocity field of seismic channel wave can be used to predict the gas accumulation areas (zones) of coal face, and scientifically guide the prevention and control of mine gas disasters.

关 键 词：地震槽波 速度场 采煤工作面 瓦斯富集区(带) 层析成像 

分 类 号：P63[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]