页岩沉积环境、岩相及储集空间特征研究进展  

Research Progress on Sedimentary Environment, Lithofacies and Reservoir Space Characteristics of Shale

作　　者：张顺[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国石化胜利油田分公司勘探开发研究院,山东 东营 [2]页岩油气富集机理与高效开发全国重点实验室,山东 东营

出　　处：《地球科学前沿（汉斯）》2024年第7期1019-1029,共11页Advances in Geosciences

摘　　要：随着油气勘探领域向湖盆中心的推进,数量巨大的湖相深水细粒沉积岩已经成为油气勘探开发新的领域。针对页岩等细粒沉积类型复杂、储集空间类型多样等关键问题,在调研大量国内外研究成果基础上,综述了页岩等细粒沉积的沉积环境、岩相类型划分、成岩作用及储层微观结构特征,重点对比了不同地区、不同类型页岩在沉积环境、矿物组成方面的差异,分析了不同地区页岩岩相划分方案以及储集空间表征技术和分类方案的研究成果,提出了页岩沉积储层方面的发展方向。结果显示,页岩一般分布在沉积速度缓慢(饥饿性沉积)盆地的沉积–沉降中心,沉积环境为深水、低水动力条件下的缺氧环境;相较于海相页岩,中国湖相深水细粒沉积岩在矿物组成组构、沉积构造等方面更为复杂,纹层结构发育;不同尺度孔隙和裂缝共同构成了页岩储集空间。With the advancement of oil and gas exploration to the center of lake basin, a large number of lacustrine deep-water fine-grained sedimentary rocks have become a new field of oil and gas exploration and development. In view of the key problems such as the complex sedimentary types and diverse reservoir space types of fine grained shale, this paper reviews the sedimentary environment, lithofacies type division, diagenesis and reservoir microstructure characteristics of fine grained shale and other fine grained sediments on the basis of a large number of research results at home and abroad, and focuses on comparing the differences in sedimentary environment and mineral composition of different regions and different types of shale. This paper analyzes the research results of different shale lithofacies classification schemes, reservoir space characterization techniques and classification schemes, and puts forward the development direction of shale sedimentary reservoirs. The results show that shales are generally distributed in the sediment-subsidence center of basins with slow deposition rate (hungry sedimentation), and the sedimentary environment is anoxic environment in deep water and low hydrodynamic conditions. Compared with marine shales, lacustrine deep-water fine-grained sedimentary rocks in China are more complex in terms of mineral composition and sedimentary structure, and have developed laminar structure. Pores and fractures of different scales together constitute the shale reservoir space.

关 键 词：页岩 细粒沉积 沉积环境 岩相 储集空间 

分 类 号：P61[天文地球—矿床学]