病毒的性传播及防控原则研究进展  

Research Progress on Sexual Transmission of Viruses and Precautionary Principles

作　　者：钱忠瑶 禹文海[2] 魏大巧 黄芬 

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学,医学院,云南 昆明 [2]中国医学科学院医学生物学研究所,云南 昆明

出　　处：《微生物前沿》2020年第3期95-102,共8页Advances in Microbiology

摘　　要：病毒的性传播趋势日益严峻,严重危害人类身心健康。病毒可通过异性或同性之间的阴道性交、肛交和口交等方式进行传播,精液、阴道分泌物为性传播病毒的重要媒介。不同人群、不同性行为之间传播效率存在差异,且男男性行为者(MSM)为性传播病毒的易感人群。预防病毒的性传播,接种疫苗、使用避孕套、进行包皮环切手术方式是有效措施,暴露前预防(PrEP),暴露后预防(PEP)、抗逆转录病毒治疗(ART)等也被证明可有效防控病毒的性传播。目前关于病毒的性传播途径及防控原则缺乏系统的论述,本文就病毒的性传播途径和有效防控原则进行归纳总结。The trend of sexual transmission of viruses is increasingly serious, virus infection harms to human physical and mental health. Viruses can be transmitted by heterosexual or homosexual sexual contact, such as vaginal sex, anal sex and oral sex, semen and vaginal secretions are important carriers of sexually transmitted viruses. The transmission efficiency varies among different populations and sexual behaviors, and men who have sex with men (MSM) are susceptible people. Vaccination, condom use and circumcision are effective measures to prevent sexual transmission of the virus. It was shown that Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) and antiretroviral therapy (ART) were effective in preventing sexual transmission of the virus. At present, there is no systematic discussion on sexual transmission of virus and the precautionary principles. This paper summarizes the sexual transmission of virus and the precautionary principles.

关 键 词：病毒 性传播 防控原则 

分 类 号：R51[医药卫生—内科学]