突发公共卫生事件医护人员心理状况调研与应对方式研究  

Research on Psychological Status and Coping Methods of Medical Staff in Public Health Emergencies

作　　者：吕晓枝 孙刚 

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学卫生管理学院,广东 广州 [2]中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院,广东 广州

出　　处：《心理学进展》2023年第10期4736-4742,共7页Advances in Psychology

摘　　要：目的:突发公共卫生安全事件不仅是社会所面临的重大问题挑战,同时还是医疗机构所面临的管理难题,其重点在于医务人员的心理健康管理。在遇到突发性的公共卫生事件时,由于部分医务人员缺乏对此的全面认识而出现多种不良反应,形成心理健康问题,直接对医务人员的健康产生威胁。基于此,本文了解抗击突发公共卫生事件期间一线医护人员的心理状况,对突发公共卫生安全事件下医务人员的心理干预重要性进行研究。针对心理健康问题给予相应的策略,为大规模应急性医疗工作的心理辅导提供科学依据。方法:选取广东省某几个医院抗击突发公共卫生事件的一线医护人员共300名为调查对象,应用症状自评量表(SCL-90)分析一线医护人员心理状况,并针对心理现状进行原因分析,制定相应策略。结果:参加一线抗击突发公共卫生事件的医护人员中没有经历过类似新型冠状病毒肺炎救治工作的医护人员分别在强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑和恐怖方面得分均高于有过经历的医护人员,差别具有统计学意义(P < 0.05);在压力、抑郁、焦虑等方面得分,发热门诊、公立急诊重症监护病房和方医院基层医务人员的心理弹性与普通基层医务人员相比有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。结论:本次突发公共卫生事件一线医护人员心理行为调查,说明在传染病暴发高峰时期因众多因素造成医护人员心理压力、心理感受异常既而表现出失眠与体力不足甚至有恐惧焦虑情况发生。大部分一线医护人员存在心理应激反应,没有经历过类似救治工作的医护人员较有经历者存在更大的心理压力,医院应加强医护人员突发公共事件应急救护能力的培训,建立灾害应急救护团队,建议相关部门加强心理预防和干预工作,提供强有力的人文关怀,提高基层医务人员的心理应对能力,保障医护人员心理健康,同时为�Objective: Public health security emergencies are not only a major challenge faced by the society, but also a management problem faced by medical institutions, which focuses on the mental health management of medical personnel. When encountering sudden public health events, due to the lack of comprehensive understanding of some medical personnel, there are a variety of adverse re-actions, forming mental health problems, which directly threaten the health of medical personnel. Based on this, this paper understands the psychological status of front-line medical personnel dur-ing public health emergencies, and studies the importance of psychological intervention of medical personnel under public health security emergencies. Corresponding strategies for mental health problems are given to provide scientific basis for psychological counseling in large-scale emergency medical work. Methods: A total of 300 front-line medical staff in several hospitals in Guangdong province were selected as investigation subjects. Symptom Self-rating Scale (SCL-90) was used to analyze the psychological status of front-line medical staff, and the causes were analyzed to formu-late corresponding strategies. Results: Among the medical workers who had not experienced the treatment of similar novel coronavirus pneumonia, the scores of obsessive-compulsion symptoms, depression, anxiety and terror were higher than those who had, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05);The scores of stress, depression, anxiety and so on, the psychological resili-ence of primary medical staff in fever clinic, public emergency intensive care unit and local hospital were statistically significant compared with those of ordinary primary medical staff (P < 0.05). Con-clusion: The investigation of psychological behavior of front-line medical personnel in public health emergencies shows that may cause insomnia, lack of physical strength and even fear and anxiety during the peak period of infectious disease outbreak due to many factors such as abnorm

关 键 词：突发公共卫生事件 一线医护人员 心理状况 应对 策略 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]