视觉工作记忆负荷对注意偏向的影响  

The Effect of Visual Working Memory Load on Attentional Bias

作　　者：罗馨姼 

机构地区：[1]西南大学心理学部,重庆

出　　处：《心理学进展》2025年第2期91-100,共10页Advances in Psychology

摘　　要：工作记忆与注意之间一直有着非常紧密的联系,关于工作记忆以及选择性注意的研究也是认知心理学中不可缺少的一部分。近些年来,工作记忆负荷对于个体注意偏向的影响也吸引了研究者们的目光。本研究通过点探测任务和变化觉察任务的结合探讨了不同视觉工作记忆负荷对不同视觉工作记忆容量个体注意偏向的影响,采取2 (视觉工作记忆容量) × 3 (视觉工作记忆负荷) × 2 (图片配对) × 2 (一致性)的混合设计。结论:(1) 存在视觉工作记忆负荷时,个体会出现对负性情绪刺激的注意回避和注意脱离困难;(2) 视觉工作记忆负荷越高,个体更容易发生注意解除困难以及注意回避;(3) 视觉工作记忆容量对注意偏向无显著影响。There has always been a very close connection between working memory and attention, and research into working memory and selective attention is an essential part of cognitive psychology. In recent years, the impact of working memory load on individual attention bias has also attracted the attention of researchers. This study explored the influence of different visual working memory loads on the attention bias of individuals with different visual working memory capacities by combining the point-probe task and change detection task. The study used a 2 (visual working memory capacity) × 3 (visual working memory load) × 2 (picture pair) × 2 (consistency) mixed design. The conclusions were as follows: (1) Individuals will experience difficulty in attention avoidance and disengagement from negative emotional stimuli when there is a visual working memory load. (2) The higher the visual working memory load, the more likely individuals are to experience difficulty in disengagement and attention avoidance. (3) Visual working memory capacity has no significant effect on attention bias.

关 键 词：视觉工作记忆 视觉工作记忆容量 视觉工作记忆负荷 注意偏向 

分 类 号：B84[哲学宗教—心理学]