合同式治理:城市公用事业市场化的机遇与挑战  

Contractual Governance: Opportunity and Challenge of Marketization of Urban Public Utilities

作　　者：石艳 赵隆昌 

机构地区：[1]河北金融学院金融与投资学院,河北 保定 [2]中山大学政治与公共事务管理学院,广东 广州

出　　处：《社会科学前沿》2021年第2期296-307,共12页Advances in Social Sciences

摘　　要：城市公用事业作为经济社会发展过程中的基础设施保障产业,自PPP (Public Private Partnership)政策于2013年密集出台以来便成为我国各级政府积极探索PPP发展模式的主战场。PPP模式的最大变革是城市公用事业发展中政府规制和市场竞争的关系经历了由以往二者相互对立到融合互补的过程,这是城市公用事业治理模式的重大转变,即城市公用事业的发展开始由政府政策规划为主导逐步转变为依靠合同关系的“公私合作”市场化模式。这种依靠合同关系的治理方式为城市发展带来了新的机遇,不断提升着城市的管理和运行效率,促进了城市社会经济的发展和潜在收益的提高。但同时,在全新的合同式治理框架下,随着传统的政府主导型发展模式被逐步取代,城市公用事业的市场化过程也遇到了诸多现实复杂的问题,利益博弈、信息不对称、监管缺失、政治风险等一系列困难对这种全新的合同式治理方式不断提出挑战。因此,全面系统认识依靠合同基础的公私合作(PPP)关系下城市公用事业市场化改革的政府与市场关系困境,正确把握发展过程中面临的一系列机遇与挑战,建立适应市场经济环境的公用事业发展体制,已经成为中国城市治理现代化不可回避的焦点问题。As an infrastructure guarantee industry in the process of economic and social development, urban public utilities have become the main battlefield for governments at all levels to actively explore the PPP development model since the Public Private Partnership (PPP) policy was launched in 2013. The biggest change of PPP model is that the relationship between government regulation and market competition in the development of urban public utilities has gone through a process from mutual opposition to integration and complementarity. This is a major change in urban public utilities management mode, namely the development of urban public utilities start policy planning by the government as the leading gradually to rely on contractual relationship “public-private partnership” market-oriented model. This governance mode relying on contract relationship has brought new opportunities for urban development, continuously improved the efficiency of urban management and operation, and promoted the development of urban social economy and the improvement of potential income. But at the same time, under the new contract type governance framework, with the development of the traditional government leading mode being gradually replaced, the marketization process of urban public utilities has met a lot of complex problems;a series of difficulties, such as interest game, information asymmetry, lack of supervision, political risk and so on, constantly challenge this new contract governance mode. Therefore, a comprehensive and systematic understanding of the predicament of the government-market relationship in the market-oriented reform of urban public utilities under the Public Private Partnership (PPP) based on contract, correctly grasping a series of opportunities and challenges in the process of development, and establishment of a system for the development of public utilities that suits the market economy environment, have become the unavoidable focus issue in the modernization of urban governance in China.

关 键 词：PPP 合同治理 城市公用事业 机遇 挑战 

分 类 号：F29[经济管理—国民经济]