湖州地区大雾气候特征及天气分型  

Climate Characteristics and Weather Classification of Heavy Fog in Huzhou Area

作　　者：周雪婧 尹浩 向华 

机构地区：[1]湖州市气象局,浙江 湖州

出　　处：《气候变化研究快报》2023年第6期1082-1088,共7页Climate Change Research Letters

摘　　要：利用2013~2021年湖州地区地面观测资料、ERA5再分析资料等对湖州地区大雾的气候特征及天气分型进行探究。结果表明:(1) 近年来大雾发生日数总体呈减少趋势,且受地形因素影响,空间分布由南向北减少;能见度500~1000米的雾多发,小于50米的特强浓雾发生次数最少。(2) 年变化来看,长兴站大雾逐年变化总体比较平稳,其余三站自2013年起大雾过程增多,2014~2015年维持在较高的水平,2021年明显减少;季节变化来看,大雾多发生于冬季,秋、春两季次之;月变化来看,11月至次年2月是大雾出现的主要时段,7~9月则相对较少;日变化来看,一天内各时段均有可能出现雾,常发生于00~05时,消亡于05~09时。(3) 根据高低空环流特征将湖州地区大雾分为高压后部型、均压场或鞍型场型和冷高压型,其中均压场或鞍型场型最为常见。Using ground observation data and ERA5 reanalysis data from 2013 to 2021 in Huzhou area, this study explores the climate characteristics and weather classification of heavy fog in Huzhou area. The results show that: (1) In recent years, the number of days of heavy fog occurrence has shown an overall decreasing trend, and due to terrain factors, the spatial distribution has decreased from south to north;fog with a visibility of 500~1000 meters is more common, and extremely strong fog with a visibility of less than 50 meters has the least frequency of occurrence. (2) In terms of annual changes, the fog at Changxing Station has remained relatively stable year by year. The fog process at the other three stations has increased since 2013, maintained at a relatively high level from 2014 to 2015, and significantly decreased in 2021;from the perspective of seasonal changes, heavy fog often occurs in winter, followed by autumn and spring;from the perspective of monthly changes, November to February of the following year is the main period for the occurrence of heavy fog, while July to September is relatively rare;from the perspective of daily changes, fog may appear at vari-ous times of the day, often occurring between 00:00 and 05:00, and disappearing between 05:00 and 09:00. (3) According to the characteristics of high and low altitude circulation, heavy fog in the Huzhou area can be divided into high pressure rear type, uniform pressure field or saddle type field type, and cold high pressure type, with uniform pressure field or saddle type field type being the most common.

关 键 词：大雾 时空分布 天气分型 

分 类 号：P45[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]