ENSO对冬季中国近海海洋热浪事件的影响分析  

Analysis of the Impact of ENSO on Marine Heatwaves in Offshore China in Winter

作　　者：张忠禹 贾文韬 高振力 张卫民[1] 

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学气象海洋学院,湖南 长沙

出　　处：《气候变化研究快报》2024年第6期1554-1563,共10页Climate Change Research Letters

摘　　要：海洋热浪(简称MHWs)是在一定海域内发生的海表温度异常偏高的现象,本文利用在再分析数据资料,分析了ENSO对中国近海40年间(1982~2023年)冬季MHWs事件的影响。长期趋势上,El Niño年冬季中国近海各海域MHWs分布较平均,La Niña年不同海域发生MHWs差异较大。El Niño、La Niña年总发生天数和平均持续时间在空间分布上几乎相反。发生El Niño事件后,中国近海都发生了大量的MHWs,La Niña事件后,MHWs发生很少甚至没有发生。同时,ENSO影响西太副高的加强西伸,对冬季MHWs的发生密切相关,环流异常会增大南海北部潜热通量与南部的短波辐射通量,促进MHWs发生。The phenomenon of marine heatwaves (MHWs) refers to abnormally high sea surface temperatures in specific marine areas. This paper utilizes reanalysis data to investigates the influence of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on winter MHWs in offshore China over the past 40 years (1982~2023). In terms of long-term trends, the distribution of MHWs in offshore China during El Niño winters exhibits relative uniformity, while significant variations are observed among different regions during La Niña winters. Spatially, there exists an inverse relationship between the total occurrence days and average duration of MHWs during El Niño and La Niña events. Subsequent to an El Niño event, a substantial number of MHWs occur in China’s coastal waters;however, following a La Niña event, occurrences of MHWs are infrequent or even absent. Furthermore, ENSO influences the westward extension and intensification of the West Pacific subtropical high pressure system and demonstrates close associations with winter occurrences of MHWs. Circulation anomalies enhance latent heat fluxes in northern South China Sea regions and short-wave radiation fluxes in southern South China Sea regions, thereby promoting the development of MHWs.

关 键 词：海洋热浪 海表温度 ENSO 中国近海 

分 类 号：P73[天文地球—海洋科学]