公证参与遗嘱执行与遗产管理的新进路  

Notary Participation in the Execution of Wills and the New Way of Estate Management

作　　者：王兴和[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市东方公证处,上海

出　　处：《争议解决》2023年第5期2120-2125,共6页Dispute Settlement

摘　　要：《民法典》对于遗产管理人制度进行了进一步扩展,为遗嘱执行人与遗产管理人统一规定了权利、义务及责任等相关问题。遗嘱公证具有效力法定、内容意定、较为经济的优势,但也存在本身的相对性限制、不具有优势法律效力、实现有一定困难的短板。公证机构可以担任遗嘱执行人,可以通过由立遗嘱人指定为遗嘱执行人的方式获得遗产管理人的身份。遗产管理的范围应当严格以遗嘱范围为限,公证机构作为遗产管理人的资格并不因继承人对此存在争议而当然丧失,有权独立提起诉讼,同时具有证明人以及专业法律服务提供人的双重身份。公证参与遗嘱执行需对财富传承的方式进行整体设计,有必要对遗嘱内容进行前期介入,可以依托公证本身的法律服务专业优势,运用多种公证及法律服务手段,确保遗嘱的执行。The Civil Code has further expanded the system of estate administrator, and unified the rights, obligations and responsibilities of the executor and the estate administrator. Will notarization has the advantages of legal effect, content and economy, but it also has its own relative limitations, does not have superior legal effect, and has certain difficulties in realization. A notary may act as executor of a will, and may obtain the status of administrator by appointing the testator as executor. The scope of estate management should be strictly limited to the scope of the will, the notary office as the estate manager’s qualification is not due to the dispute of the heir and of course lost, the right to independently initiate litigation, and has the dual identity of a witness and a professional legal service provider. The participation of notary in the execution of the will requires the overall design of the way of wealth inheritance, and it is necessary to intervene in the contents of the will in the early stage. It can rely on the professional advantages of notary service and use a variety of notary and legal service means to ensure the execution of the will.

关 键 词：公证遗嘱执行人 遗产管理人 《民法典》 家庭财富 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]