WTO知识产权豁免决定的解析  

The Interpretation of WTO Intellectual Property Exemption Decision

作　　者：黄冬玲 

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学国际法学院,上海

出　　处：《争议解决》2023年第5期2403-2409,共7页Dispute Settlement

摘　　要：WTO第12届部长级会议形成了《关于〈与贸易有关的知识产权协定〉的部长决定》,通过知识产权豁免的方式解决疫苗的可及性和可负担性问题。由于新冠疫苗的公共产品属性,知识产权对新冠疫苗的可及性和可负担性造成阻碍,需要通过豁免的方式加以解决。虽然在文本谈判过程中,部分成员国主张通过COVAX机制、TRIPS灵活性和自愿许可等作为替代方案,但与豁免相比仍是不可行的。WTO成员方主张通过豁免决定提高全球制造能力,实现多样化供给,加强全球合作。The 12th Ministerial Conference of the WTO resulted in the Ministerial Decision on the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), which addresses the accessibility and affordability of vaccines in the form of intellectual property exemptions. Due to the nature of COVID-19 vaccines as public goods, intellectual property rights pose obstacles to the accessibility and affordability of COVID-19 vaccines, which need to be addressed through exemptions. Although some member States have advocated COVAX, TRIPS flexibility and voluntary licensing as alternatives during the text negotiations, they are still not feasible compared with exemptions. WTO members advocate improving global manufacturing capacity, diversifying supply and strengthening global cooperation through exemption decisions.

关 键 词：知识产权 豁免 公共健康危机 TRIPS协议 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]