形式法治何以失败?——从“富勒困境”切入  

Why Did Formal Rule of Law Fail?—Starting from “Fuller’s Dilemma”

作　　者：王哲 

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学法律学院,上海

出　　处：《争议解决》2023年第6期2658-2665,共8页Dispute Settlement

摘　　要：富勒提出了八项形式法治原则并称之为“法律的内在道德”,但面临着“法律的内在道德何以为道德”的批评。对“法律的内在道德”进行概念分析,可以将其重新定义为“使得法律能够建立互惠关系进而使人们服从规则之治的规范性条件”,并呈现出问题的真正难点在于“互惠是人们遵守义务的基础”的预设是实践哲学的主观论。波斯特玛的相互责任理论能够修正富勒错误的预设,但这种修正会使得富勒理论在法治的讨论中走向其对立面,因此形式法治必然失败,实质法治才是法治理论的正确方向。Fuller put forward eight formal principles of rule of law and called them “the internal morality of law”, but faced the criticism of “why the internal morality of law is moral”. By analyzing the concept of “the internal morality of law”, we can redefine it as “the normative conditions that enable the law to establish a reciprocal relationship and make people obey the rules”, and show that the real difficulty of the problem is that the presupposition of “reciprocity is the basis for people to abide by obligations” is the subjective theory of practical philosophy. Postema’s theory of mutual responsibility can correct Fuller’s wrong presupposition, but this revision will make Fuller’s theory move towards its opposite in the discussion of rule of law, so the substantive rule of law is the correct direction of the theory of rule of law.

关 键 词：形式法治 法律的内在道德 富勒困境 实质法治 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]