利用遗留信用卡进行取款行为之罪名认定  

Determination of the Crime of Utilizing Legacy Credit Cards for Withdrawal Behavior

作　　者：王梓铖 

机构地区：[1]澳门科技大学法学院,澳门

出　　处：《争议解决》2023年第6期3190-3194,共5页Dispute Settlement

摘　　要：利用他人遗留在ATM机上的信用卡(且不用输入密码)进行取款的案例(以下简称“利用遗留信用卡行为”)构成盗窃罪还是信用卡诈骗罪,在我国刑法学术界一直争议不断。虽然《刑法》第一百九十六条规定,盗窃信用卡并使用的,依照盗窃罪定罪处罚。此外,最高人民检察院于2008年作出的《关于拾得他人信用卡并在自动柜员机上(ATM机)使用的行为如何定性问题的批复》(以下简称《批复》)又明确指出:拾得他人信用卡并在自动柜员机(ATM机)上使用的行为,属于刑法第一百九十六条第一款第(三)项1规定的“冒用他人信用卡”的情形,构成犯罪的,以信用卡诈骗罪追究刑事责任。但这并没有解决前述问题。本文首先论证拾取信用卡并使用的行为构成信用卡诈骗罪,而后论证“利用遗留信用卡行为”这一特殊类型亦如此,再论证通说反对本行为构成信用卡诈骗罪的两点理由不成立,最后得出“利用遗留信用卡行为”也构成信用卡诈骗罪的结论。The case of using credit cards left by others on ATM machines (without entering passwords) for withdrawal (hereinafter referred to as “using legacy credit card behavior”) constitutes theft or credit card fraud, which has been continuously debated in the academic community of criminal law in China. Although Article 196 of the Criminal Law stipulates that if a credit card is stolen and used, it shall be deemed as theft and punishment for theft. In addition, the Supreme People’s Procuratorate issued an approval in 2008 on how to determine the nature of the act of picking up another person’s credit card and using it on an automatic teller machine (ATM) (hereinafter referred to as the “approval”), which clearly stated that the act of picking up another person’s credit card and using it on an ATM belongs to the “fraudulent use of another person’s credit card” situation stipulated in Article 196, Paragraph 1 (3) of the Criminal Law, If a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be pursued for the crime of credit card fraud. But this did not solve the aforementioned problem. This article first argues that the act of picking up credit cards and using them constitutes the crime of credit card fraud, and then argues that the special type of “use of legacy credit card behavior” is also the same. It further argues that the two reasons for opposing this behavior as constituting the crime of credit card fraud are not valid, and finally concludes that “use of legacy credit card behavior” also constitutes the crime of credit card fraud.

关 键 词：信用卡 遗留 ATM机 盗窃罪 信用卡诈骗罪 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]