《鹿特丹规则》对国际货运的发展——聚焦承运人责任制度  

Development of International Freight under “Rotterdam Rules”—Focusing on Carrier Liability System

作　　者：雷斯 

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学国际法学院,上海

出　　处：《争议解决》2023年第6期3477-3482,共6页Dispute Settlement

摘　　要：《鹿特丹规则》相较于其先前的《海牙规则》《维斯比规则》《汉堡规则》更好地回应了新时代的需求,作出了许多改变,其中最为重要的即是有关承运人责任制度的变化。在《鹿特丹规则》中,承运人的责任再次被加强,对承运人提出了更高的要求,进一步保护了货方的利益。《鹿特丹规则》结合实际发展,对相关的概念作出了新的界定,有利于实践中的认定。本文结合实践背景阐述了承运人责任制度的历史发展和变革,以理解《鹿特丹规则》及其先前规则条文规定的价值取向,同时《鹿特丹规则》中承运人责任制度在不同方面具有新发展。针对这些新发展对实践中各方带来的影响,从不同当事人的视角出发可以更全面地了解制度的变化。《鹿特丹规则》尚存在着不足,但能对我国《海商法》的完善提供一定的指引和完善方向。Compared with the previous “Hague Rules”, “Visby Rules” and “Hamburg Rules”, the “Rotterdam Rules” better respond to the needs of the new era and have made many changes, the most important of which is the change in carrier liability systems. In the “Rotterdam Rules”, the responsibility of the carrier has been strengthened again, placing higher requirements on the carrier and further protecting the interests of the cargo party. The “Rotterdam Rules” combine practical development with new definitions of relevant concepts, which is conducive to identification in practice. This article explains the historical development and changes of the carrier’s liability system based on the practical background, in order to understand the value orientation stipulated in the “Rotterdam Rules” and its previous rule provisions. At the same time, the carrier’s liability system in the “Rotterdam Rules” has new developments in different aspects. Regarding the impact of these new developments on all parties in practice, a more comprehensive understanding of institutional changes can be obtained from the perspectives of different parties. The “Rotterdam Rules” still have shortcomings, but they can provide certain guidance and improvement direction for the improvement of China’s “Maritime Law”.

关 键 词：《鹿特丹规则》 承运人责任 赔偿责任 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]