是何因素推动人民币汇率制度改革?  

Does What Drive the Reform of the RMB Exchange Rate System?

作　　者：梅晓红 徐梦[1,2] 王洁 

机构地区：[1]南京特殊教育师范学院,管理学院,江苏 南京 [2]江苏共享发展研究基地,江苏 南京

出　　处：《金融》2020年第4期446-454,共9页Finance

摘　　要：自建国以来,我国的人民币汇率制度根据不同时期的经济情况一直处于一个不断发展和完善的过程中,人民币汇率制度经历了若干阶段的变革。本文对我国汇率制度改革的几个阶段(包括汇率升值的几个阶段)进行了梳理回顾,指出长期的贸易顺差、对外投资与外商直接投资对比关系失衡、贸易品部门与非贸易品部门劳动生产率差异加大、市场体制建设中法制观念的加深等因素都推动了汇率制度的改革。短期内增强汇率弹性可以缓解通货膨胀压力及内外部经济矛盾,长期则以坚持自由浮动汇率制为不变目标。Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the economic conditions have changed a lot in different periods. According to this, the RMB exchange rate system has been developing and per-fecting. The RMB exchange rate system has undergone several stages of reform including several stages of exchange rate appreciation. This paper reviews the relevant literature, points out the long-term trade surplus, the imbalance of the relationship between foreign investment and foreign direct investment, the increase of labor productivity difference between the trade and non- trade sectors, and the deepening of the legal concept in the construction of market system are the major factors which all drive the reform of the exchange rate system. In the short term, increasing the ex-change rate elasticity can alleviate the inflationary pressure and internal and external economic contradictions, while in the long run, the goal is to adhere to the free floating exchange rate system.

关 键 词：人民币汇率制度 汇率弹性 国际收支失衡 巴拉萨–萨缪尔森效应 

分 类 号：F83[经济管理—金融学]