贵阳机场雷暴天气特征分析  

Analysis of Thunderstorm Weather Characteristics in Guiyang Airport

作　　者：宋媛 陈义义 

机构地区：[1]中国民用航空西南地区空中交通管理局贵州分局,贵州 贵阳

出　　处：《地理科学研究》2023年第4期570-577,共8页Geographical Science Research

摘　　要：对贵阳机场2012~2022年雷暴天气进行统计分析,发现:(1) 雷暴日数年际变化特征显著,年平均为40 d,最多(少)为60 d (30 d);雷暴发生日数夏季 > 春季 > 秋季 > 冬季;1~10月均有雷暴出现,主要集中在4~8月(5月最多),11、12月无雷暴发生;日变化特征明显(多夜雷);初雷(终雷)一般出现在冬末或初春(夏末或秋初),82%的初雷持续时间在2 h内;(2) 雷暴在贵阳机场西北方向发生的概率最大,其次为偏西、西南及偏南方向;在偏东方向结束的概率最大,其次为偏南、偏北及东南方向;(3) 雷暴持续时间多在2 h (含)内,占73.2%;其次为2~4 h (含),占19.2%;连日雷暴(2 d或以上)出现次数年平均为9.64次,最多(少)13次(7次),每次连日雷暴以连续出现2 d占多数,约67%;连续出现3 d的占22%;(4) 雷暴常伴随中阵雨天气。A statistical analysis was conducted on thunderstorm weather at Guiyang Airport from 2012 to 2022, and it was found that: (1) The interannual variation characteristics of thunderstorm days were significant, with an annual average of 40 days and a maximum (minimum) of 60 days (30 days);The number of thunderstorm occurrence days is summer > spring > autumn > winter;Thunderstorms occur from January to October, mainly concentrated in April to August (with the highest frequency in May), and there are no thunderstorms in November and December;Distinct diurnal variation characteristics (frequent night thunderstorms);The initial thunder (final thunder) generally occurs in late winter or early spring (late summer or early autumn), with 82% of the initial thunder lasting within 2 hours;(2) The probability of thunderstorms occurring in the northwest direction of Guiyang Airport is the highest, followed by the west, southwest, and south directions;The probability of ending in the easterly direction is the highest, followed by the southerly, northerly, and southeastern directions;(3) The duration of thunderstorms is mostly within 2 hours (inclusive), accounting for 73.2%;Next is 2~4 hours (including), accounting for 19.2%;The average annual occurrence frequency of consecutive thunderstorms (2 days or more) is 9.64, with a maximum (minimum) of 13 (7) occurrences. The majority of consecutive thunderstorms occur for 2 days each time, accounting for about 67%;22% showed continuous appearance of 3 days;(4) Thunderstorms are often accompanied by moderate showers.

关 键 词：贵阳机场 初雷 连日雷暴 

分 类 号：P44[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]