小麦间作玉米和豆类对白粉病的控制效果  

Control Effect of Intercropping Using Maize and Legumes against Wheat Powdery Mildew

作　　者：武英鹏 原宗英 刘敏捷 张治家 侯玉 唐翼锋 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学植物保护学院/农业有害生物综合治理山西省重点实验室,山西 太原

出　　处：《农业科学》2021年第11期1005-1012,共8页Hans Journal of Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：为明确基于物种多样性原理的小麦白粉病防控技术,2017~2019年,在农业部太原作物有害生物科学观测实验站,进行了小麦间作玉米和豆类作物控制小麦白粉病试验。结果表明,小麦间作玉米和豆类可以降低小麦白粉病发生过程病茎率和最终严重度。当单作区小麦白粉病病茎率达100%时,小麦间作玉米、青豆、黑豆的白粉病病茎率分别比单作小麦区下降61.25%、5.50%、14.00%。总体看,间作行数增加病茎率下降。间作玉米区和大豆区小麦旗叶严重度较单作区分别下降10.05%和10.37%,倒二叶严重度较单作区分别下降13.91%和20.49%,倒三叶严重度较单作区分别下降32.00%和32.21%。T检验表明,间作玉米区和单作区比较,小麦倒三叶严重度在0.05水平差异显著(p 【0.05)。旗叶和倒二叶差异不显著。间作大豆区和单作区比较,小麦倒二叶严重度在0.05水平差异显著(p 【0.05)。旗叶和倒三叶差异不显著。间作玉米区和间作大豆区相比,小麦上三叶严重度差异都不显著。干旱条件下间作玉米和间作大豆相比对小麦白粉病最终严重度的降低优势不突出。间作玉米区、大豆区较单作区对小麦白粉病的相对防效,旗叶为21.88%、22.58%,倒二叶为20.61%、30.36%,倒三叶为45.10%、45.39%。In order to make clear the control effect of intercropping using maize and Legumes against wheat powdery mildew based on the principle of species diversity, in 2017~2019, at crop pest scientific observation and experiment station in Taiyuan, Ministry of Agriculture, disease control experiments of wheat intercropped with maize and legumes were carried out. The result showed that wheat intercropped with maize and legumes can reduce diseased stem rate in the process of occurrence and final severity of powdery mildew. When the diseased stem rate of wheat powdery mildew in monocropping plot reached 100%, the percentage of it in intercropping maize, green bean and black bean plot decreased by 61.25%, 5.50% and 14.00%, respectively. In general, the number of intercropping lines increased and the percentage of diseased stems decreased. Compared with monocropping plot, the severity of the flag leaf in intercropping maize plot and soybean plot decreased 10.05% and 10.37%, respectively. The severity of the second leaf decreased 13.91% and 20.49%, respectively. The severity of the third leaf decreased 32.00% and 32.21%, respectively. The t-test showed that the difference of severity of the third leaf between intercropping maize plot and monocropping plot was significant at 0.05 level (p

关 键 词：生物多样性 物种多样性 小麦白粉病 间作 

分 类 号：S51[农业科学—作物学]