油菜杂交种子生产的全程机械化  

Mechanization of the Whole Process of Seed Production in Hybrid Rapeseed

作　　者：任军荣[1] 李殿荣[1] 穆建新[1] 田建华[1] 张智[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西省杂交油菜研究中心中国油料作物改良中心陕西油菜分中心,陕西 杨凌

出　　处：《农业科学》2023年第3期243-246,共4页Hans Journal of Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：杂交油菜的选育成功,大大提高了油菜的产量和质量,但杂交种子的生产,却在雄性不育诱导和细胞质雄性不育微粉控制、亲本摘顶调节花期、父本终花期被割除和清理等几个关键技术环节上一直是人工作业,不仅难以确保种子生产的数量和质量,而且费工费时,制种成本居高不下。我们从2013年起对这些主要技术问题开展研究,用机械代替人工,先后都取得了成功,实现了油菜杂交种子生产的全程机械化,并获得4项专利。随着该项技术的推广,必将较大幅度地提高杂种生产的产量和质量,降低成本,增加效益。The successful breeding of hybrid rapeseed has greatly improved the yield and quality of rapeseed, but the production of hybrid seeds has been a manual operation in several key technical aspects, such as male sterility induction, cytoplasmic male sterility micro-powder control, parental top-dressing regulation of flowering time, and removal and cleaning of male parent at the end of flow-ering time. It is not only difficult to ensure the yield and quality of seed production, but also time-consuming. Seed production costs remain high. Since 2013, we have researched on these technical problems, replacing manual with machinery, and successively achieved success, realizing the mechanization of the whole process of rapeseed hybrid seed production, and obtaining 4 technical patents. With the popularization of this technology, the yield and quality of hybrid production will be greatly improved, the cost will be reduced and the benefit will be increased.

关 键 词：杂交油菜 种子生产 专利 全程机械化 

分 类 号：S51[农业科学—作物学]