气象条件对不同茬口设施西瓜雌花催化的研究  

Research on Female Flower Catalysis of Facility Watermelon under Different Planting Periods Based on Meteorological Conditions

作　　者：邵光灿 马英洁 王成玉 王晓立 袁静 赵华 吴冠楠 申雨欣 

机构地区：[1]昌乐县气象局,山东 潍坊 [2]潍坊市气象局,山东 潍坊

出　　处：《农业科学》2024年第11期1185-1192,共8页Hans Journal of Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：本文致力于通过气象条件对不同茬口设施西瓜雌花催化展开深入研究,研究结果表明冬春茬设施西瓜雌花催化效果最为理想,春夏茬次之,夏秋茬位列其后。并且针对温度、日照时数、相对湿度、10 cm地温等至关重要的气象因素,提出了适用于不同茬口设施西瓜的棚内气象要素调控技术以及生产管理技术。具体而言,冬春茬设施西瓜雌花催化的适宜温度需保持在18℃~20℃的区间范围内,每日光照时长适宜在7个小时左右,10 cm地温宜控制在18℃~22℃,相对湿度应维持在58%左右。与此同时,在气象要素调控技术的有效干预下,设施西瓜的第二雌花会在第一雌花脱落后的第七或第八片叶处孕育。This article aims to conduct in-depth research on the catalytic effect of watermelon female flowers under different planting periods through meteorological conditions. The research results show that the winter and spring crop rotation facilities have the most ideal catalytic effect on watermelon female flowers, followed by the spring and summer crop rotation, and then the summer and autumn crop rotation. And in response to crucial meteorological factors such as temperature, sunshine hours, relative humidity, and 10 cm ground temperature, greenhouse meteorological element regulation techniques and production management techniques suitable for watermelons under different planting periods have been proposed. Specifically, the suitable temperature for catalyzing watermelon female flowers in winter and spring crop facilities should be maintained within the range of 18˚C~20˚C, with a suitable daily light duration of about 7 hours, a 10 cm ground temperature of 18˚C~22˚C, and a relative humidity of around 58%. At the same time, with the effective intervention of meteorological element regulation technology, the second female flower of facility watermelon will germinate at the seventh or eighth leaf after the first female flower falls off.

关 键 词：气象要素调控 不同茬口西瓜 雌花催化 

分 类 号：S65[农业科学—果树学]