白洋淀地区土壤动物群落结构和多样性  

Community Structure and Diversity of Soil Animals in the Baiyangdian Area, Hebei

作　　者：葛雪迎 高思佳 张钰博 刘僮 刘浩宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北大学生命科学与绿色发展研究院生命科学学院,河北 保定

出　　处：《土壤科学》2021年第1期1-9,共9页Hans Journal of Soil Science

摘　　要：基于2018年5~9月在白洋淀地区5类样地中土壤动物调查数据,研究其群落结构和多样性特点。5次调查共分离获得土壤动物1601头,隶属于3门10纲18目。优势类群为膜翅目(67.02%),常见类群中较丰富类群依次为柄眼目(8.31%)、鞘翅目(6.18%)和中腹足目(4.31%)。土壤动物的整体数量按照季节表现为8月 】9月 】6月 】7月 】5月,按照土层表现为第1层(691) 】第2层(470) 】第3层(440)。不同季节间动物群落Jaccard相似性指数均高于0.5,6月相对其它月份Shannon-Wiener多样性指数最高,8月的Simpson优势度指数和Pielou均匀度指数显著不同于其它月份,不同样地间指数均不存在显著性差异(P 】0.05)。结果表明:白洋淀土壤中存着大量的动物类群,种群数量随土层加深而减少;不同季节土壤动物结构存在差异,呈现为极相似性和中度相似性;不同样地间土壤动物结构表现为中度不相似性、中度相似性和极度相似性。研究结果可为白洋淀土地利用及科学管理提供理论依据。From May to September, 2018, the project team studied the soil animal community structure and diversity in five types of land in Baiyangdian Area. A total of 1601 soil animals were obtained from 5 surveys, belonging to 3 phylum, 10 classes, 18 orders. The dominant species was Hymenoptera (67.02%), and the richer group in the common group was Stylomatophora (8.31%), Coleoptera (6.18%) and Mesogastropoda (4.31%). The total number of soil animals was shown as August >September >June >July >May, and it was shown as layer 1 (691) >layer 2 (470) >layer 3 (440) according to the soil layer. The Jaccard similarity index of animal communities in different seasons was higher than 0.5. In June, the Shannon-Wiener diversity index was the highest relative to other months. In August, Simpson dominance index and Pielou evenness index were significantly different from other months, and there is no significant difference between indexes in different places (P >0.05). The results showed that there were a large number of animal groups in the soil of Baiyangdian Area, and the number of population decreased with the deepening of soil layer. The structure of soil animals in different seasons was different, but showed extremely and moderate similar levels. There are also differences in soil animal structures between different areas, and they are moderately non-similar to extremely similar levels. The results can provide theoretical basis for land use and scientific management in Baiyangdian Area.

关 键 词：白洋淀 土壤动物 群落组成 生物多样性 

分 类 号：S15[农业科学—土壤学]