植物水杨酸代谢及其调控的研究进展  

Research Progress in Salicylic Acid Metabolism and Regulation in Plants

作　　者：李佳佳[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学生命科学学院,浙江 金华

出　　处：《世界生态学》2023年第2期209-219,共11页International Journal of Ecology

摘　　要：水杨酸(SA)属于九大类植物激素之一,是一种广泛存在于植物体内的酚类激素。SA在植物的抗病、抗逆等生物和非生物胁迫以及根系生长发育过程中起到重要作用。目前已鉴定的水杨酸的合成途径主要有两条:一条是存在于叶绿体的异分支酸合成酶(Isochorismate Synthase, ICS)合成代谢途径,另外一条是存在于细胞质的苯丙氨酸解氨酶(Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase, PAL)合成代谢途径。在不同的植物中这两条途径合成水杨酸的占比是不同的。SA在合成后以不同的方式被修饰合成SA衍生物以达到分解代谢或者获得新功能等作用。此外,SA的代谢途径相关基因受到病原菌诱导和转录因子调控,精确调控SA的时空和胁迫条件下的合成模式。本文综述了SA生物代谢及其调控的研究进展,并对水杨酸代谢未来的研究方向进行了展望。Salicylic acid (SA) is one of the nine major categories of plant hormones, which is a widely phenolic hormone in plants. SA plays an important role in the disease resistance, stress resistance and other biotic and abiotic stresses of plants, as well as in root growth and development. There are two main pathways known for the synthesis of salicylic acid: one is the Isochorismate Synthase (ICS) pathway in the chloroplast, and the other is the Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase (PAL) pathway in the cytoplasm. However, the proportion of salicylic acid synthesized by these two pathways is different in different plants. After synthesis, SA is modified to synthesize SA derivatives in different ways to achieve catabolism or obtain new functions. In addition, SA is modified in different ways after synthesis to achieve catabolism or obtain new functions. This paper reviews the latest pathways and regulatory processes of SA biosynthesis and modification, and prospects for the future metabolic research directions of salicylic acid.

关 键 词：水杨酸 合成代谢 分解代谢 信号转导 

分 类 号：Q94[生物学—植物学]