超薄纳米复合膜在脱盐中的进展研究  

Progresses of Thin Film Nanocomposite Membranes for Desalination

作　　者：欧昌进[1] 吴雨薇 倪家豪 高童庆 袁素涓 秦娟 石健[1] 廖志鹏 

机构地区：[1]南通大学化学化工学院,南通智能与新能源材料及器件重点实验室,江苏 南通

出　　处：《物理化学进展》2023年第4期254-268,共15页Journal of Advances in Physical Chemistry

摘　　要：聚酰胺基反渗透、纳滤和正渗透超薄复合膜已广泛应用于含盐水体如海水和苦咸水的处理中。通过将功能性纳米材料作为填料引入复合膜聚酰胺(PA)选择层制备超薄纳米复合(TFN)膜,能够显著提高膜的本征分离性能。从本质上而言,TFN膜的性能主要取决于纳米填料的组成和结构。目前,随着纳米科学的飞速发展,各种功能性纳米材料应运而生且已被作为填料引入复合膜的PA选择层。本文综述了近年来TFN膜在脱盐领域的研究进展,分析梳理了纳米填料的组成和结构,并研究了其对复合膜结构和脱盐性能的影响。在此基础上,归纳了目前TFN膜中存在的主要问题,并为TFN膜未来潜在的发展方向提出了建议。Polyamide-based thin film composite membranes of reverse osmosis, nanofiltration and forward osmosis membranes have been widely used for salty water desalination such as sea water and brackish water. Through the introduction of functionalized nanomaterials as nanofillers into the polyamide layer to prepare thin film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes, the corresponding intrinsic separation performances would be significantly enhanced. Fundamentally, the separation performance of TFN membrane is determined by the composition and structure of nanofillers. To date, with the development of nanoscience, diverse versatile nanomaterials were emerged and were used as nanofillers into the polyamide selective layer. In this review, the progresses of TFN membranes in the realm of desalination were presented, based on the composition and structure of nanofillers. Besides, the influences of nanofillers on the membrane structures and desalination performances were discussed. In addition, the main challenges of different types of TFN membranes were summarized. Finally, the suggestions of the potential developments of TFN membranes in the future were provided.

关 键 词：超薄纳米复合膜 脱盐 纳米填料 结构 组成 

分 类 号：TB3[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]