美国X-15高超声速飞机技术领域研究与启示  

Research on the Manned Technology of the U.S. X-15 Hypersonic Aircraft and Revelations

作　　者：周健 吴小华 

机构地区：[1]中国航空工业集团有限公司,中国航空研究院,北京 [2]南昌航空大学飞行器工程学院,江西 南昌

出　　处：《国际航空航天科学》2024年第3期145-153,共9页Journal of Aerospace Science and Technology

摘　　要：美国X-15高超速飞机作为20世纪60年代航空技术突破的代表,不仅在速度和高度上创造了世界纪录,更在高超音速飞行领域提供了宝贵的技术研究和飞行试验数据。本文旨在综合分析X-15项目的技术特点及其对现代航空技术发展的影响与启示。通过回顾X-15的整体气动布局特性、生命保障系统设计技术、驾驶系统研究设计方面,揭示了该项目在高超音速飞行领域的创新之处。同时,本文还探讨了X-15飞行试验对飞行员生理反应的影响,以及其对后续航空器设计的启示。X-15项目的成功不仅体现在其技术成就上,更在于它激发了人类对高超音速飞行的持续探索和研究。本文的研究结果表明,X-15的经验对于未来高超音速飞行器的研发具有重要的参考价值。As a representative of the aviation technology breakthroughs of the 1960s, the American X-15 hypersonic aircraft not only created world records in speed and altitude, but also provided valuable technical research and flight test data in the field of hypersonic flight. The purpose of this paper is to comprehensively analyze the technical characteristics of the X-15 project and its influence and inspiration on the development of modern aviation technology. By reviewing the overall aerodynamic layout characteristics, life support system design technology, and pilot system research and design aspects of the X-15, it reveals the project’s innovations in the field of hypersonic flight. At the same time, this paper also explores the effects of X-15 flight tests on the physiological responses of pilots and their implications for the design of subsequent aircraft. The success of the X-15 project is not only reflected in its technical achievements, but also in the fact that it has inspired mankind to continue to explore and research hypersonic flight. The results of this paper show that the X-15 experience is an important reference value for the development of future hypersonic vehicles.

关 键 词：X-15高超速飞机 高超音速飞行 技术研究 飞行试验 航空技术发展 

分 类 号：V27[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]