儿童社区获得性肺炎病原谱流行趋势研究进展  

Research Progress on the Epidemiological Trend of Pathogenic Spectrum of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children

作　　者：赵慧丹 贾鲲鹏[2] 

机构地区：[1]延安大学研究生院,陕西 延安 [2]延安大学附属医院儿科,陕西 延安

出　　处：《临床个性化医学》2024年第4期1783-1793,共11页Journal of Clinical Personalized Medicine

基　　金：延安市科技计划项目(项目编号2023-SFG G-114)例。

摘　　要：儿童社区获得性肺炎是全球最常见的呼吸系统疾病,也是儿童死亡的主要原因,占全世界5岁以下儿童死亡人数的五分之一。几十年来,发展中国家的肺炎病死率大于发达国家10倍以上。肺炎患儿中近75%的患儿年龄 Community-acquired pneumonia is the most prevalent respiratory illness among children globally and is the leading cause of mortality in this age group, responsible for one-fifth of all deaths in children under five. For many years, the mortality rate of pneumonia in developing nations has been over ten times higher than in developed countries. Approximately 75% of children with pneumonia are under five years old, with infants under one year making up about one-third of hospitalized cases, highlighting a concerning situation for pediatric healthcare in China. The increasing incidence of pneumonia in young children is attributed to its complex causes, a variety of pathogens, and changes in children’s living conditions, which can lead to chronic respiratory issues and allergic diseases. Recently, the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly altered the trends of respiratory pathogens, with Mycoplasma pneumoniae and various viral infections emerging as the primary causes of community-acquired pneumonia in children. This paper analyzes and summarizes the main pathogens, co-infections, and characteristics of pneumonia in children caused by community-acquired pneumonia in recent years, aiming to assess the epidemiological trends of pneumonia pathogens in children and provide a theoretical foundation for accurate clinical diagnosis, treatment, and early warning of pathogen epidemic trends.

关 键 词：儿童社区获得性肺炎 呼吸道感染 病原体 新型冠状病毒(COVID-19) 混合感染 

分 类 号：R72[医药卫生—儿科]