植物应对非生物胁迫的生物化学防御策略探究  

Research on Biochemical Defense Strategies of Plants in Response to Abiotic Stress

作　　者：石义思 赖长巍 刘恋 周盈盈 谢静 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学农学院,贵州 贵阳 [2]贵州省农业生态与资源保护站,贵州 贵阳

出　　处：《有机化学研究》2023年第4期346-355,共10页Journal of Organic Chemistry Research

摘　　要：植物在生长发育过程中,经常受到各种非生物胁迫的影响,如干旱、高温、盐碱、重金属等。为了适应环境变化和抵御外界胁迫,植物发展了多种防御机制。本文主要探讨了植物应对非生物胁迫的防御机制,包括代谢积累、调控和防御机制三个方面。首先,文章介绍了植物在面对非生物胁迫时的代谢积累策略。植物通过积累特定的代谢产物来应对外界胁迫,如积累抗氧化物质、蛋白质和脂类物质等,以增强对胁迫的抵抗能力。其次,文章讨论了植物对非生物胁迫的调控机制。植物通过调节基因表达、信号传导通路和激素调控等方式,来适应外界环境的变化,从而增强自身的抵抗能力。最后,文章总结了植物的御机制。植物通过诱导抗性蛋白、产生次生代谢产物、调节细胞壁结构等多种方式来抵御外界非生物胁迫,以保护自身免受损害。综合来看,本文从代谢积累、调防御机制三个方面系统地介绍了植物应对非生物胁迫的防御策略,为进一步研究植物胁迫响应机制提供了重要的理论基础。Plants are often affected by various abiotic stresses during their growth and development, such as drought, high temperature, salinity, heavy metals, etc. In order to adapt to environmental changes and resist external stress, plants have developed a variety of defense mechanisms. This article mainly discusses the defense mechanisms of plants in response to abiotic stress, including metabolic accumulation, regulation and defense mechanisms. First, the article introduces the metabolic accumulation strategies of plants in the face of abiotic stress. Plants respond to external stress by accumulating specific metabolites, such as antioxidants, proteins, and lipids, to enhance their resistance to stress. Secondly, the article discusses the regulatory mechanisms of plants in response to abiotic stress. Plants adapt to changes in the external environment by regulating gene expression, signal transduction pathways, and hormone regulation, thereby enhancing their own resistance. Finally, the article summarizes the defense mechanisms of plants. Plants resist external abiotic stress by inducing resistance proteins, producing secondary metabolites, regulating cell wall structure and other methods to protect themselves from damage. Taken together, this article systematically introduces the defense strategies of plants in response to abiotic stress from three aspects: metabolic accumulation and regulation of defense mechanisms, which provides an important theoretical basis for further research on plant stress response mechanisms.

关 键 词：植物 非生物胁迫 生物化学 防御策略 

分 类 号：Q94[生物学—植物学]