特殊情况下的一种皮肤活检方法  

A Method of Skin Biopsy under Special Circumstances

作　　者：黄建国 黄朝頔 龚启英 李桂明[3] 

机构地区：[1]广州市花都区人民医院皮肤科,南方医科大学附属花都医院皮肤科,广东 广州 [2]广州市中西医结合医院皮肤科,广东 广州 [3]重庆医科大学第一医院皮肤科,重庆

出　　处：《医学诊断》2022年第1期43-49,共7页Medical Diagnosis

摘　　要：目的:探讨对于特殊情况下(如有药物过敏史,尤其或可能麻醉药过敏等)如何进行皮肤活检。方法:采用“活剪钳法”进行皮肤活检。结果:采用活检钳法取得了显著效果,明显不同于传统方法,不良反应少。它的优点或适应症有:1) 有药物过敏(尤其或可能麻醉药过敏)史的患者;2) 特殊部位:如:肛门口新生物,足趾间或手指间,糜烂处,等;3) 病重患者,高龄患者,行动不便患者(如:瘫痪在床,在轮椅上);4) 不用局部麻醉及缝合。它的缺点有:1) “浅”:有时达不到皮下层,血管肌肉层更不可能;2) 皮肤太厚太硬处不宜用此法:如:足底,头皮。结论:活检钳法对特殊情况下皮肤活检具有重要意义,操作简单,无风险,值得进一步研究和推广。Objective: To explore how to carry out skin biopsy under special circumstances (such as drug allergy history, especially or possibly anesthetic allergy). Methods: Skin biopsies were performed by “biopsy forceps method”. Results: The method of biopsy forceps has achieved remarkable effect, which is different from the traditional method, with less adverse reactions. Its advantages or indications are: 1) patients with a history of drug allergy (especially or may be allergic to anesthetics);2) special parts: such as new organisms in the anal area, between toes or fingers, erosions, etc.;3) patients with serious disease, elderly patients, and patients with mobility difficulties (such as paralysis in bed, in wheelchair);4) no local anesthesia and suture. Its disadvantages are: 1) “shallow”: sometimes it can’t reach the lower skin layer, and it’s impossible to reach the musculovascular layer;2) it’s not suitable to use this method when the skin is too thick and hard: for example, the sole of the foot and the scalp. Conclusion: The biopsy forceps method is of great significance for skin biopsy under special circumstances. It is simple and risk-free and worth further study and promotion.

关 键 词：皮肤活检术 活检钳法 

分 类 号：R75[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学]